School of Nursing and Midwifery, Collage of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing, Collage of Medicine and Health Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024 Oct 18;24(1):681. doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06891-4.
Preterm delivery refers to childbirth that occurs before 37 full weeks' gestation. Globally, around 13.4 million babies are born preterm annually, a million died due to its complications. Identifying its determinants is mandatory to decrease preterm birth and thereby neonatal deaths. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of preterm delivery among mothers who gave birth in hospitals in the Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia.
A hospital-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from March 29 to May 20, 2023, in the Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia. Cases were women who gave birth after 28 weeks and before 37 completed weeks, and controls were women who gave birth at and after 37 and before 42 weeks of gestation from the first day of the last normal menstrual period. A consecutive sampling method was used. Data were collected by a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were coded and entered into Epi data 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Variables that had a P-value < 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression analysis were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Finally, p-value < 0.05 was used to claim statistical significance.
From a total of 405 eligible participants, 399 respondents (133 cases and 266 controls) participated in this study with a response rate of 98.52%. The result of the multivariable analysis shows that mothers who resided in rural areas [AOR = 2.78:95% CI (1.51-5.12)], not receiving support from their partner [AOR = 2.37:95% CI (1.24-4.51)], less than four antenatal care visits [AOR = 4.52:95%CI (2.38-8.57)], developed pregnancy-induced hypertension [AOR = 5.25:95%CI (2.27-12.14)] and exposed for intimate partner violence [AOR = 2.95:95%CI (1.105-7.85)], had statistically significant association with experiencing preterm delivery.
Most of the determinants for preterm delivery have been proven modifiable. Thus, designing new strategies, providing comprehensive mobile clinic services to address hard-to-reach areas and Health care providers should give due attention to mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension and exposure to intimate partner violence and increase the awareness of antenatal care follow-up and benefit of support during pregnancy to reduce preterm delivery.
早产是指在妊娠 37 周前分娩。全球每年约有 1340 万婴儿早产，其中 100 万人因并发症而死亡。确定其决定因素对于降低早产率和新生儿死亡率至关重要。因此，本研究旨在确定在埃塞俄比亚南部沃莱塔地区医院分娩的母亲中早产的决定因素。
这是一项 2023 年 3 月 29 日至 5 月 20 日在埃塞俄比亚南部沃莱塔地区进行的基于医院的病例对照研究设计。病例组是在 28 周到 37 周完成妊娠之间分娩的妇女，对照组是在从最后一次正常月经周期的第一天开始到 37 周到 42 周之间分娩的妇女。采用连续抽样方法。数据由经过结构化访谈员管理的问卷收集。数据被编码并输入到 Epi data 3.1 中，并使用 SPSS 版本 25 进行分析。在双变量逻辑回归分析中 P 值 < 0.25 的变量被输入到多变量逻辑回归模型中。最后，使用 P 值 < 0.05 来声称统计学意义。
在总共 405 名符合条件的参与者中，有 399 名参与者（133 例病例和 266 名对照）参加了这项研究，应答率为 98.52%。多变量分析的结果表明，居住在农村地区的母亲（AOR=2.78：95%CI（1.51-5.12））、没有得到伴侣支持的母亲（AOR=2.37：95%CI（1.24-4.51））、产前护理次数少于四次的母亲（AOR=4.52：95%CI（2.38-8.57））、患有妊娠高血压的母亲（AOR=5.25：95%CI（2.27-12.14））和遭受亲密伴侣暴力的母亲（AOR=2.95：95%CI（1.105-7.85））与早产经历有统计学显著关联。
大多数早产的决定因素都是可以改变的。因此，设计新的策略，提供全面的移动诊所服务，以解决难以到达的地区，卫生保健提供者应该关注患有妊娠高血压和遭受亲密伴侣暴力的母亲，并提高对产前护理随访和妊娠期间支持的认识，以减少早产。
