Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
Peking University Health Science Center-Macao Polytechnic University Nursing Academy, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Aug 20;12:1432225. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1432225. eCollection 2024.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to threaten human health, and health professionals, including nursing students, usually work in healthcare frontiers with a high risk of infection. Vaccination is currently one of the most effective preventive measures. This study aimed to explore the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in nursing students.
In November 2022, a sample of undergraduate nursing students was recruited from several medical schools in Anhui Province, China, and an online cross-sectional survey was conducted using the questionnaire star platform (Wenjuanxin). A Chi-square test was used to explore vaccine hesitancy among nursing students with different social demographic characteristics and vaccine attitudes. Binary logistic regression analysis was then used to determine the influence factors of vaccine hesitancy among nursing students.
A total of 1,090 valid samples were collected in this study. Of these, 27.06% (295) of nursing students reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The results showed "the need to go out of town recently" (OR = 0.670), "very confident that the outbreak could be controlled sustainably" (OR = 0.393), "feeling at risk of infection" (OR = 0.658), "not being worried/being generally worried about the vaccine's safety" (OR = 0.226 and OR = 0.686, respectively), and "not being worried about the vaccine's effectiveness" (OR = 0.411). These five factors are protective factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in nursing students. The factors "considering the country completely safe from an outbreak" (OR = 3.436), "considering themselves safe because others are vaccinated" (OR = 2.239), and "Agreeing that other protective measures can be relaxed after vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine" (OR = 2.007) are risk factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among nursing students ( < 0.05).
Overall, relatively few nursing students had COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Schools and relevant institutions still need to actively guide them to improve their confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine, strengthen the prevention and control measures of the epidemic, and improve their awareness of the crisis to improve the vaccination rate to reduce the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in nursing students.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）继续威胁着人类健康，包括护理学生在内的卫生专业人员通常在高感染风险的医疗保健前沿工作。疫苗接种是目前最有效的预防措施之一。本研究旨在探讨护理学生对 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫不决的决定因素。
2022 年 11 月，从中国安徽省的几所医学院校招募了本科护理专业学生的样本，并使用问卷星平台（问卷星）进行了在线横断面调查。采用卡方检验探讨了具有不同社会人口特征和疫苗态度的护理学生中的疫苗犹豫情况。然后，采用二元逻辑回归分析确定了护理学生中疫苗犹豫的影响因素。
本研究共收集了 1090 份有效样本。其中，27.06%（295）的护理学生报告 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫不决。结果表明，“最近需要出城”（OR=0.670）、“非常有信心可持续控制疫情”（OR=0.393）、“感到有感染风险”（OR=0.658）、“不担心/普遍担心疫苗的安全性”（OR=0.226 和 OR=0.686）以及“不担心疫苗的有效性”（OR=0.411）。这五个因素是与护理学生 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫不决相关的保护因素。“认为国家完全免受疫情影响”（OR=3.436）、“认为自己因为其他人接种疫苗而安全”（OR=2.239）和“同意接种 COVID-19 疫苗后可以放宽其他保护措施”（OR=2.007）是与护理学生 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫不决相关的危险因素（<0.05）。
总体而言，相对较少的护理学生对 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫不决。学校和相关机构仍需积极引导他们提高对 COVID-19 疫苗的信心，加强疫情防控措施，提高危机意识，以提高接种率，降低护理学生对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫。
