Almaw Andargachew, Assefa Ayenew, Berhan Ayenew, Getahun Ermiyas, Sharew Bekele, Tiruneh Tegenaw, Getie Birhanu, Erkihun Mulat, Solomon Yenealem, Legese Biruk, Kiros Teklehaimanot, Abebaw Aynework
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences Debre Tabor University Debre Tabor Ethiopia.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 2;7(9):e70056. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70056. eCollection 2024 Sep.
A growing number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients suffer from opportunistic intestinal coccidian infections. Instead of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) infection itself, opportunistic infections like intestinal coccidian parasites cause death of over 80% AIDS patients. Factors like exposed drinking water sources and poverty aid the prevalence of opportunistic intestinal coccidian parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal coccidian parasites and associated factors in HIV/AIDS patients.
A health facility based cross sectional study was conducted from 140 HIV/AIDS patients attending ART clinic in Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia from September to December 2023. The sociodemographic characteristics were collected through face-to-face interviews. Stool samples were processed with Modified Acid Fast staining technique. Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with dependent variable and < 0.05 was considered significantly associated.
The total prevalence of opportunistic intestinal coccidian parasites (OICPs) in HIV/AIDS patients was 16.4% (23/140). Drinking surface water [ = 0.015, COR = 3.4] compared to tape water, drinking alcohol [ = 0.001, COR = 18] compared to not drinking alcohol, diarrhea [ = 0.005, COR = 1] compared to non-diarrheic, drug dropout [ = 0.01, COR = 11] compared to regular drug intake and low CD4 count [ = 0.042, COR = 9] compared to CD4 > 500/µL showed significant association with increased prevalence of OICPs in HIV/AIDS patients.
OICPs are still the common causes of morbidity and mortality in HIV/AIDS patients. Surface water consumption, alcoholism, interruption of treatment drugs, diarrhea, and reduced CD4 T-cells significantly contribute to acquisition and prevalence of OICPs in HIV/AIDS patients. Routine screening of OICPs with sensitive diagnostic techniques in HIV/AIDS patients regardless of symptoms is crucial and has to be practiced in health settings.
越来越多的获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）患者患有机会性肠道球虫感染。与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染本身不同，像肠道球虫寄生虫这样的机会性感染导致超过80%的艾滋病患者死亡。诸如暴露的饮用水源和贫困等因素助长了HIV/艾滋病患者中机会性肠道球虫寄生虫感染的流行。本研究的目的是确定HIV/艾滋病患者中肠道球虫寄生虫的流行率及相关因素。
2023年9月至12月，在埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷塔博尔综合专科医院接受抗逆转录病毒治疗门诊的140例HIV/艾滋病患者中进行了一项基于医疗机构的横断面研究。通过面对面访谈收集社会人口学特征。粪便样本采用改良抗酸染色技术处理。使用社会科学统计软件包20版对数据进行分析。采用逻辑回归评估与因变量相关的因素，P<0.05被认为具有显著相关性。
HIV/艾滋病患者中机会性肠道球虫寄生虫（OICPs）的总流行率为16.4%（23/140）。与饮用自来水相比，饮用地表水[P = 0.015，校正比值比（COR）= 3.4]，与不饮酒相比，饮酒[P = 0.001，COR = 18]，与无腹泻相比，腹泻[P = 0.005，COR = 1]，与规律服药相比，药物中断[P = 0.01，COR = 11]，与CD4计数>500/µL相比，CD4计数低[P = 0.042，COR = 9]，均与HIV/艾滋病患者中OICPs流行率增加显著相关。
OICPs仍然是HIV/艾滋病患者发病和死亡的常见原因。饮用地表水、酗酒、治疗药物中断、腹泻以及CD4 T细胞减少显著促成了HIV/艾滋病患者中OICPs的感染和流行。在HIV/艾滋病患者中，无论有无症状，采用敏感诊断技术对OICPs进行常规筛查至关重要，且必须在医疗机构中实施。
