Cerveja Borges Zacarias, Tucuzo Rafael Manuel, Madureira Ana Carina, Nhacupe Noémia, Langa Irene Alda, Buene Titos, Banze Lucas, Funzamo Carlos, Noormahomed Emília Virgínia
Parasitology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
EC Microbiol. 2017;9(6):231-240. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
Increased evidence suggests intestinal parasite infections, one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, increase the acquisition and progression of AIDS.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and intestinal parasite co-infections, the relationship to the degree of immunosuppression and the effect of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TS) on patients treated at 1° de Maio Health Centre in Maputo, Mozambique.
A cross sectional study was conducted from December 2015 to August 2016. A total of 517 stool samples from 371 (71.8%) HIV infected and 146 (28.2%) HIV uninfected patients were examined for the presence of parasites using direct wet mount, Ritchie and modified Ziehl Neelsen techniques. A subsample of 201 stools from HIV infected patients was processed for coproantigens for the detection of spp.
Overall, 148 (28.6%) of the individuals were infected with at least one parasite. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 98 (26.4%) and 50 (34.2%) in HIV infected and uninfected patients, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant. We identified 10 different parasites including (most frequently) 67 (12.9%), 27 (5.2%) and 40 (7.7%). prevalence was significantly higher in HIV infected patients 12 (3.2%), p = 0.02. Parasitic intensity was higher in HIV infected patients than in HIV uninfected patients. spp. prevalence by coproantigen detection was 6% and was associated with degree of immune suppression. A CD4 T-cell count of < 200 cells/μL was significantly associated with higher prevalence and intensity of parasitism, while ART and TS prophylaxis was associated with lower parasitic prevalence.
Our study revealed that the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites in HIV infected patients was related to the degree of immune suppression as assessed by CD4 cell count, while ART and TS seemed to reduce the parasitic infection.
越来越多的证据表明，肠道寄生虫感染是撒哈拉以南非洲地区发病和死亡的主要原因之一，会增加艾滋病的感染率和病情进展。
本研究旨在确定莫桑比克马普托1° de Maio健康中心接受治疗的患者中艾滋病毒与肠道寄生虫合并感染的患病率、与免疫抑制程度的关系以及抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（TS）的效果。
于2015年12月至2016年8月进行了一项横断面研究。使用直接湿片法、Ritchie法和改良齐-尼氏技术，对371名（71.8%）艾滋病毒感染患者和146名（28.2%）未感染艾滋病毒患者的总共517份粪便样本进行寄生虫检测。对201份艾滋病毒感染患者的粪便子样本进行粪便抗原检测，以检测 spp.。
总体而言，148名（28.6%）个体感染了至少一种寄生虫。艾滋病毒感染患者和未感染患者的肠道寄生虫患病率分别为98名（26.4%）和50名（34.2%）。这种差异无统计学意义。我们鉴定出10种不同的寄生虫，其中（最常见的） 67名（12.9%）、 27名（5.2%）和 40名（7.7%）。艾滋病毒感染患者中的 患病率显著更高，为12名（3.2%），p = 0.02。艾滋病毒感染患者的寄生虫感染强度高于未感染艾滋病毒的患者。通过粪便抗原检测的 spp.患病率为6%，且与免疫抑制程度相关。CD4 T细胞计数<200个细胞/μL与寄生虫感染的较高患病率和强度显著相关，而ART和TS预防与较低的寄生虫感染率相关。
我们的研究表明，艾滋病毒感染患者肠道寄生虫的患病率和强度与通过CD4细胞计数评估的免疫抑制程度有关，而ART和TS似乎可降低寄生虫感染。
