1Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia.
2National Center for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Georgian Med News. 2024 Jun(351):102-108.
Control of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-MTB) requires novel technologies for restoring the anti-TB efficacy of priority drugs. We sought to evaluate the ability of nanotechnology application in the recovery of the anti-tuberculosis efficacy of rifampicin.
Nanocomposite- standard dose of rifampicin and 20 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) suspension solution of 6 different concentrations: 0.25%; 0.5%; 1%; 2.5%; 5%; and 10%, were supplemented to 70 rifampicin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (RR-MTB) isolates. The control arm consisted of 35 RR-MTB isolates and AgNPs suspension with identical concentrations. The inhibitory effect of nanocomposites was evaluated by MTB growth rate using the BACTECTM MGIT 960TM. The safety assessment of single-use AgNPs was conducted in experimental animals.
The suppression process of AgNPs on RR-MTB isolates started with 2,5% nanocomposite solution application and full suppression was achieved in 5% and 10% nanocomposite solutions. A standard dose of rifampicin and a 2.5% solution of AgNPs increased the minimal inhibitory effect on RR-MTB by 10% (total 80%) vs the isolated use of a 2.5% solution of AgNPs (70%). An experiment on animals revealed the complete safety of a single injection of ultra-high doses of AgNPs.
The study showed the potentiating effect of AgNPs in overcoming the resistance of MTB to rifampicin providing a scientific basis for further research.
控制利福平耐药结核病（RR-MTB）需要新的技术来恢复优先药物的抗结核疗效。我们试图评估纳米技术在恢复利福平抗结核疗效方面的应用能力。
将标准剂量的利福平与浓度为 0.25%、0.5%、1%、2.5%、5%和 10%的 20nm 银纳米粒子（AgNPs）混悬液共 6 种不同浓度的纳米复合材料添加到 70 株利福平耐药结核分枝杆菌（RR-MTB）分离株中。对照组由 35 株 RR-MTB 分离株和具有相同浓度的 AgNPs 混悬液组成。使用 BACTECTM MGIT 960TM 评估纳米复合材料对 MTB 生长率的抑制作用。在实验动物中进行单次使用 AgNPs 的安全性评估。
AgNPs 对 RR-MTB 分离株的抑制作用始于 2.5%纳米复合材料溶液的应用，而在 5%和 10%纳米复合材料溶液中完全抑制。标准剂量的利福平和 2.5%的 AgNPs 溶液将 RR-MTB 的最小抑菌作用提高了 10%（总 80%），而单独使用 2.5%的 AgNPs 溶液提高了 70%。动物实验表明，单次注射超高剂量的 AgNPs 是完全安全的。
该研究表明 AgNPs 具有增强作用，可以克服 MTB 对利福平的耐药性，为进一步研究提供了科学依据。
