Lu Ting Yu, Wang Jiao, Jiang Chao Qiang, Jin Ya Li, Cheng Kar Keung, Lam Tai Hing, Zhang Wei Sen, Xu Lin
School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration, Guangzhou, China.
Geroscience. 2024 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s11357-024-01329-3.
To examine the associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with longevity and age acceleration (AA) using observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies, and quantify the mediating effects of lipids.
In Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS), PA and SB were assessed by the Chinese Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Longevity was defined as participants whose age at follow-up or at death was at or above the 90th age percentile. AA was defined as the residual resulting from a linear model that regressed phenotypic age against chronological age. Linear regression and Poisson regression with robust error variance were used to assess the associations of total and specific PA in different intensities, and SB with AA and longevity, yielding βs or relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Two-sample MR was conducted to examine the causal effects. Mediation analysis was used to assess the mediating effects of lipids.
Of 20,924 participants aged 50 + years in GBCS, during an average follow-up of 15.0 years, compared with low PA, moderate and high PA were associated with higher likelihood of longevity (RR (95% CI): 1.56 (1.16, 2.11), 1.66 (1.24, 2.21), respectively), and also cross-sectionally associated with lower AA (β (95% CI): -1.43 (-2.41, -0.45), -2.09 (-3.06, -1.11) years, respectively). Higher levels of moderate PA (MPA) were associated with higher likelihood of longevity and lower AA, whereas vigorous PA (VPA) showed opposite effects. The association of PA with longevity observed in GBCS was mediated by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by 8.23% (95% CI: 3.58-39.61%), while the association with AA was mediated through LDL-C, triglycerides and total cholesterol by 5.13% (3.94-7.30%), 7.81% (5.98-11.17%), and 3.37% (2.59-4.80%), respectively. Additionally, in two-sample MR, SB was positively associated with AA (β (95% CI): 1.02 (0.67, 1.36) years).
PA showed protective effects on longevity and AA, with the effects being partly mediated through lipids. Conversely, SB had a detrimental impact on AA. MPA was associated with higher likelihood of longevity and reduced AA, whereas VPA showed adverse effects. Our findings reinforce the recommendation of "sit less and move more" to promote healthy longevity, and highlight the potential risks associated with VPA in the elderly.
通过观察性研究和孟德尔随机化（MR）研究，探讨身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）与长寿及年龄加速（AA）之间的关联，并量化脂质的中介作用。
在广州生物银行队列研究（GBCS）中，使用中文版国际体力活动问卷评估PA和SB。长寿定义为随访或死亡时年龄处于或高于第90年龄百分位数的参与者。AA定义为将表型年龄对实足年龄进行线性回归后的残差。采用稳健误差方差的线性回归和泊松回归，评估不同强度的总PA和特定PA以及SB与AA和长寿之间的关联，得出β值或相对风险（RRs）以及95%置信区间（CIs）。进行两样本MR以检验因果效应。采用中介分析评估脂质的中介作用。
在GBCS的20924名50岁及以上参与者中，平均随访15.0年，与低PA相比，中度和高强度PA与更高的长寿可能性相关（RR（95%CI）：分别为1.56（1.16，2.11）、1.66（1.24，2.21）），并且在横断面分析中也与较低的AA相关（β（95%CI）：分别为-1.43（-2.41，-0.45）、-2.09（-3.06，-1.11）岁）。较高水平的中度PA（MPA）与更高的长寿可能性和更低的AA相关，而剧烈PA（VPA）则显示出相反的效果。在GBCS中观察到的PA与长寿之间的关联，有8.23%（95%CI：3.58 - 39.61%）由低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）介导，而与AA之间的关联分别通过LDL-C、甘油三酯和总胆固醇介导，介导比例分别为5.13%（3.94 - 7.30%）、7.81%（5.98 - 11.17%）和3.37%（2.59 - 4.80%）。此外，在两样本MR中，SB与AA呈正相关（β（95%CI）：1.02（0.67，1.36）岁）。
PA对长寿和AA具有保护作用，其作用部分通过脂质介导。相反，SB对AA有不利影响。MPA与更高的长寿可能性和降低的AA相关，而VPA显示出不利影响。我们的研究结果强化了“少坐多动”以促进健康长寿的建议，并突出了VPA对老年人的潜在风险。
