Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Sustainable and Circular Construction, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 042 00, Košice, Slovak Republic.
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Expert's Institute in Construction, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 042 00, Košice, Slovak Republic.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Oct;369:122363. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122363. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Green roof systems have been developed to improve the environmental, economic, and social aspects of sustainability. Selecting the appropriate version of the green roof composition plays an important role in the life cycle assessment of a green roof. In this study, 10 compositions of an intensive green roof for moderate zone and 4 green roof compositions for different climatic conditions were designed and comprehensively assessed in terms of their environmental and economic impacts within the "Cradle-to-Cradle" system boundary. The assessment was carried out over a 50-year period for a moderate climate zone. The results showed that asphalt strips and concrete slab produced the highest total emissions. It was found that most greenhouse gases emissions were released in the operational energy consumption phase and in the production phase. The energy consumption phase (48.78%) for automatic irrigation and maintenance caused the highest Global Warming Potential (GWP) value (758.39 kg CO) in the worst variant, which also caused the highest life cycle cost (878.47€). On the contrary, in the best variant, planting more vegetation and lower maintenance and irrigation requirements led to a reduction in GWP (445.0 kg CO), but in terms of cost (506.6€) this composition didn't represent the best variant. The Global Warming Potential Biogenic (GWP-bio) compared to the Global Warming Potential Total (GWP-total) represents a proportion ranging from 0.8% to 78% depending on the proposed vegetation. Overall higher biogenic carbon values (up to 1525 kg CO) were observed for the proposed tall vegetation of Magnolia, Red Mulberry, Hawthorne, Cherry, and Crab-apple Tree. Based on the results of the multicriteria analysis, which included core environmental & economic parameters, biogenic carbon emission levels, the outcome of this paper proposed optimal green roof composition. Optimal intensive green roof composition was subjected to a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact of changing climatic conditions on CO emissions and life cycle costs. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that the optimal variant of the green roof can be implemented in the cold and subtropical zone with regard to CO emissions, but not with regard to life cycle costs.
绿色屋顶系统的发展旨在改善环境、经济和社会可持续性方面。选择适当的绿色屋顶组成版本在绿色屋顶的生命周期评估中起着重要作用。在这项研究中，设计了 10 种中强度绿色屋顶的组成部分，以及 4 种不同气候条件下的绿色屋顶组成部分，并在“摇篮到摇篮”系统边界内综合评估了它们的环境和经济影响。评估是在中气候区进行的，为期 50 年。结果表明，沥青条和混凝土板产生的总排放量最高。研究发现，大多数温室气体排放是在运营能源消耗阶段和生产阶段释放的。在最坏的情况下，自动灌溉和维护的能源消耗阶段（48.78%）导致了最高的全球变暖潜能值（GWP）（758.39 kg CO），这也导致了生命周期成本（878.47€）最高。相反，在最好的情况下，种植更多的植被和减少维护和灌溉需求导致 GWP 降低（445.0 kg CO），但就成本而言（506.6€），这种组合并不是最佳的。与总温室效应潜能（GWP-total）相比，生物源温室效应潜能（GWP-bio）代表了一个从 0.8%到 78%的比例，具体取决于所提出的植被。对于提出的高大植被，如玉兰、红桑、山楂、樱桃和海棠，观察到更高的生物源碳值（高达 1525 kg CO）。基于多标准分析的结果，包括核心环境和经济参数、生物源碳排放量水平，本文提出了最佳的绿色屋顶组成。最佳的密集型绿色屋顶组成部分进行了敏感性分析，以确定气候变化对 CO 排放和生命周期成本的影响。敏感性分析的结果表明，就 CO 排放而言，最佳的绿色屋顶变体可以在寒冷和亚热带地区实施，但就生命周期成本而言则不行。
