Serrano-Belmonte Ildefonso, Cascales-Pérez Francisco Javier, Pérez-Fernández Virginia, Martínez-Cánovas Ascensión, Tudela-Mulero María Rosario, Rosales-Leal Juan Ignacio
Assistant Professor, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Dental Clinic, Morales Meseguer General University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Graduate student, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Dental Clinic, Morales Meseguer General University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
J Prosthet Dent. 2025 Jan;133(1):281.e1-281.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.07.043. Epub 2024 Sep 4.
Interim fixed prostheses are used provisionally to provide esthetics and maintain function until placement of the definitive prosthesis. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been widely used as an interim material but has mechanical limitations that can be improved with the addition of nanomaterials such as graphene fibers (PMMA-G). However, studies on the biocompatibility of this material are lacking.
The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects of PMMA compared with PMMA-G in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) by measuring the viability and cell apoptosis of those cells subjected to different concentrations of both compounds by elution, as well as the surface characterization of these materials.
Sterile Ø20×15-mm specimens of PMMA and PMMA-G were covered with Dulbecco modified Eagle medium for 24 hours to be the subsequent eluent. PDLSCs were seeded in 6 plates of 96 wells at dilutions 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 for each material. Three plates for the cell viability assay with MTT and 3 plates for the cell apoptosis assay with Hoechst 33342 staining were used in turn to subdivide the measurements at 24, 48, and 72 hours. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the data obtained in the different dilutions at different times and the Mann-Whitney test to compare both materials. Topography and wetting were analyzed for surface characterization. The Student t test of paired measurements was used to compare the different surfaces for each parameter (α=.05 for all tests).
In both the cell viability assay (MTT) and the cell apoptosis assay, the test did not identify statistically significant differences in PMMA and PMMA-G with respect to the control group in the different dilutions at different times (P>.05). When comparing both materials, no statistically significant differences (P=.268) were found in either trial. PMMA-G had lower roughness and kurtosis and higher wetting than PMMA.
Both PMMA and PMMA-G were found to be biocompatible materials with no significant differences between them after cell viability and apoptosis testing. PMMA-G had higher wettability and lower roughness than PMMA.
临时固定修复体在最终修复体植入前临时使用，以提供美观并维持功能。聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）已被广泛用作临时材料，但存在机械局限性，添加石墨烯纤维（PMMA-G）等纳米材料可改善这些局限性。然而，关于这种材料生物相容性的研究尚缺。
本体外研究的目的是通过测量经不同浓度两种化合物洗脱处理的牙周膜干细胞（PDLSC）的活力和细胞凋亡情况，以及这些材料的表面特性，来确定PMMA与PMMA-G相比在PDLSC中的生物相容性和细胞毒性作用。
将无菌的直径20×15毫米的PMMA和PMMA-G标本用杜氏改良 Eagle培养基覆盖24小时，作为后续洗脱液。将PDLSC以每种材料1/1、1/2、1/4和1/8的稀释度接种到6个96孔板中。依次使用3个板进行MTT细胞活力测定，3个板进行Hoechst 33342染色细胞凋亡测定，以在24、48和72小时进行细分测量。使用Kruskal-Wallis检验比较不同时间不同稀释度下获得的数据，使用Mann-Whitney检验比较两种材料。对表面形貌和润湿性进行分析以进行表面特性表征。使用配对测量的Student t检验比较每个参数的不同表面（所有测试α = 0.05）。
在细胞活力测定（MTT）和细胞凋亡测定中，该测试未发现不同时间不同稀释度下PMMA和PMMA-G相对于对照组有统计学显著差异（P>0.05）。比较两种材料时，在任一试验中均未发现统计学显著差异（P = 0.268）。PMMA-G的粗糙度和峰度低于PMMA，润湿性高于PMMA。
细胞活力和凋亡测试后发现，PMMA和PMMA-G均为生物相容性材料，二者之间无显著差异。PMMA-G的润湿性高于PMMA，粗糙度低于PMMA。
