Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environment Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Nov 15;361:124881. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124881. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
In residential environment, NO is an important air pollutant. Yet, the dynamics of indoor NO and source contributions to human exposure are not well understood. Here, we conducted a continuous NO measurement in and out of eight households in Guangzhou, China. Paired high time-resolution NO data sets indoors (kitchen, living room) and outdoors (balcony) were obtained with NO monitors. We summarized the indoor and outdoor NO levels, identified temporal variation patterns, analyzed indoor-outdoor relationships, and quantified source contributions to indoor NO exposure. Indoor NO were overall higher than outdoor NO, and in most cases, the highest NO levels were observed in the kitchen. NO in the kitchen was characterized by multiple spikes associated with use of gas stoves, while NO in the living room was also elevated but the peaks were generally smaller. The indoor-outdoor correlations were stronger in winter than in summer, and were stronger in nighttime than daytime. The sources contributing to indoor NO were separated with a conceptual model. Overall, the outdoor NO source contributed 73%-76% of the NO in the kitchen, and 76%-85% in the living room. The source pattern was quite different: outdoor NO sources were present indoors all the time; by contrast, indoor NO sources were present sporadically but with a very high contribution. This has important implication to the exposure assessment that indoor NO sources lead to short-term high exposure, and deserves attention regarding acute health effects.
在居住环境中，NO 是一种重要的空气污染物。然而，室内 NO 的动态变化及其对人体暴露的来源贡献尚不清楚。在这里，我们在中国广州的 8 户家庭中进行了连续的室内外 NO 测量。使用 NO 监测仪获得了室内（厨房、客厅）和室外（阳台）的高时间分辨率的配对 NO 数据集。我们总结了室内和室外的 NO 水平，确定了时间变化模式，分析了室内外关系，并量化了室内 NO 暴露的来源贡献。室内 NO 总体上高于室外 NO，在大多数情况下，厨房的 NO 水平最高。厨房中的 NO 以与使用煤气灶相关的多个峰值为特征，而客厅中的 NO 也升高，但峰值通常较小。冬季的室内外相关性强于夏季，夜间强于白天。通过概念模型分离了导致室内 NO 的来源。总体而言，室外 NO 源贡献了厨房中 73%-76%的 NO，以及客厅中 76%-85%的 NO。来源模式大不相同：室外 NO 源一直存在于室内；相比之下，室内 NO 源偶尔存在，但贡献非常高。这对暴露评估具有重要意义，即室内 NO 源导致短期高暴露，应关注其对急性健康影响。
