Paulin L M, Diette G B, Scott M, McCormack M C, Matsui E C, Curtin-Brosnan J, Williams D L, Kidd-Taylor A, Shea M, Breysse P N, Hansel N N
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Indoor Air. 2014 Aug;24(4):416-24. doi: 10.1111/ina.12085. Epub 2014 Jan 11.
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), a by-product of combustion produced by indoor gas appliances such as cooking stoves, is associated with respiratory symptoms in those with obstructive airways disease. We conducted a three-armed randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of interventions aimed at reducing indoor NO2 concentrations in homes with unvented gas stoves: (i) replacement of existing gas stove with electric stove; (ii) installation of ventilation hood over existing gas stove; and (iii) placement of air purifiers with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) and carbon filters. Home inspection and NO2 monitoring were conducted at 1 week pre-intervention and at 1 week and 3 months post-intervention. Stove replacement resulted in a 51% and 42% decrease in median NO2 concentration at 3 months of follow-up in the kitchen and bedroom, respectively (P = 0.01, P = 0.01); air purifier placement resulted in an immediate decrease in median NO2 concentration in the kitchen (27%, P < 0.01) and bedroom (22%, P = 0.02), but at 3 months, a significant reduction was seen only in the kitchen (20%, P = 0.05). NO2 concentrations in the kitchen and bedroom did not significantly change following ventilation hood installation. Replacing unvented gas stoves with electric stoves or placement of air purifiers with HEPA and carbon filters can decrease indoor NO2 concentrations in urban homes.
Several combustion sources unique to the residential indoor environment, including gas stoves, produce nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and higher NO2 concentrations, are associated with worse respiratory morbidity in people with obstructive lung disease. A handful of studies have modified the indoor environment by replacing unvented gas heaters; this study, to our knowledge, is the first randomized study to target unvented gas stoves. The results of this study show that simple home interventions, including replacement of an unvented gas stove with an electric stove or placement of HEPA air purifiers with carbon filters, can significantly decrease indoor NO2 concentrations.
二氧化氮（NO₂）是室内燃气器具（如炉灶）燃烧产生的副产品，与患有阻塞性气道疾病的人的呼吸道症状有关。我们进行了一项三臂随机试验，以评估旨在降低使用无通风口燃气炉灶的家庭室内NO₂浓度的干预措施的效果：（i）用电炉替换现有的燃气炉灶；（ii）在现有的燃气炉灶上安装通风罩；（iii）放置带有高效空气微粒（HEPA）和碳过滤器的空气净化器。在干预前1周以及干预后1周和3个月进行家庭检查和NO₂监测。在随访3个月时，炉灶更换使厨房和卧室中的NO₂中位数浓度分别降低了51%和42%（P = 0.01，P = 0.01）；放置空气净化器使厨房（27%，P < 0.01）和卧室（22%，P = 0.02）中的NO₂中位数浓度立即降低，但在3个月时，仅在厨房中观察到显著降低（20%，P = 0.05）。安装通风罩后，厨房和卧室中的NO₂浓度没有显著变化。用电炉替换无通风口燃气炉灶或放置带有HEPA和碳过滤器的空气净化器可以降低城市家庭室内的NO₂浓度。
住宅室内环境中特有的几种燃烧源，包括燃气炉灶，会产生二氧化氮（NO₂），而较高的NO₂浓度与阻塞性肺病患者更差的呼吸道发病率相关。少数研究通过更换无通风口燃气加热器来改善室内环境；据我们所知，本研究是第一项针对无通风口燃气炉灶的随机研究。本研究结果表明，简单的家庭干预措施，包括用电炉替换无通风口燃气炉灶或放置带有碳过滤器的HEPA空气净化器，可以显著降低室内NO₂浓度。
