Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Jul 30;15:1441410. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1441410. eCollection 2024.
Mucosal melanoma (MM) poses a significant clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for MM, with a particular focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors. These inhibitors have demonstrated substantial efficacy by harnessing the body's immune response against tumors. Moreover, adoptive cell transfer (ACT), anti-angiogenic therapy, and combination therapies have garnered attention for their potential in MM treatment. ACT involves modifying T cells to target melanoma cells, showing promising antitumor activity. Anti-angiogenic therapy aims to impede tumor growth by inhibiting angiogenesis, while combination therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies, offer a multifaceted approach to overcome treatment resistance. This comprehensive review explores the advancements in immunotherapy for MM, highlighting the role of diverse therapeutic modalities in enhancing treatment outcomes and addressing the challenges posed by this aggressive malignancy.
黏膜黑色素瘤（MM）因其侵袭性和有限的治疗选择而带来重大的临床挑战。近年来，免疫疗法已成为 MM 的一种有前途的策略，特别关注 PD-1 和 CTLA-4 抑制剂等免疫检查点抑制剂。这些抑制剂通过利用机体对肿瘤的免疫反应，展示了显著的疗效。此外，过继细胞转移（ACT）、抗血管生成治疗和联合治疗因其在 MM 治疗中的潜力而受到关注。ACT 涉及修饰 T 细胞以靶向黑色素瘤细胞，显示出有希望的抗肿瘤活性。抗血管生成治疗旨在通过抑制血管生成来阻碍肿瘤生长，而联合治疗，包括免疫检查点抑制剂和靶向治疗，提供了一种多方面的方法来克服治疗耐药性。本综述探讨了 MM 免疫治疗的进展，强调了各种治疗方式在增强治疗效果和应对这种侵袭性恶性肿瘤所带来的挑战方面的作用。
