Keykha Elham, Khodadadifard Leila, Moosavi Mahdieh-Sadat, Fathi Yaser, Hajisadeghi Samira
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Adv Biomed Res. 2024 Apr 27;13:28. doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_116_23. eCollection 2024.
Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with some cytokine involvement, associated with several risk factors such as diabetes, obesity, etc., Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a new viral infection, also appears to be related to cytokine storm and similar risk factors. In this review, we intend to evaluate the possible relationship between PD and COVID-19. For data collection, English literature was searched in databases including PubMed and Google Scholar. The keywords searched were COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, PD, respiratory Epidemiological studies indicated that oral pathogens are related to acute and chronic lung disease, and dental plaque is a likely reservoir for respiratory pathogens. SARS-CoV-2 may be released from infected periodontal cells into periodontal pockets. Several studies showed that the serum levels of interleukins (IL)-1, 6, 17, etc., increase in most patients with severe COVID-19. C-reactive protein (CRP) and endothelin 1(ET-1) may also be related to COVID-19 progression, and these mediators also increase in periodontitis. Due to studies, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, aging, and male sex are the most important risk factors common between PDs and COVID-19 and may affect treatment outcomes and prognosis. PD seems to play a significant role in exacerbating COVID-19 and even affects the mortality rate of disease.
牙周病（PD）是一种涉及某些细胞因子的慢性炎症性疾病，与糖尿病、肥胖等多种风险因素相关。2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）作为一种新的病毒感染，似乎也与细胞因子风暴及类似风险因素有关。在本综述中，我们旨在评估PD与COVID-19之间可能存在的关系。为收集数据，在包括PubMed和谷歌学术在内的数据库中检索了英文文献。检索的关键词为COVID-19、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）、PD、呼吸道。流行病学研究表明，口腔病原体与急慢性肺部疾病有关，牙菌斑可能是呼吸道病原体的储存库。SARS-CoV-2可能从受感染的牙周细胞释放到牙周袋中。多项研究表明，大多数重症COVID-19患者的血清白细胞介素（IL）-1、6、17等水平会升高。C反应蛋白（CRP）和内皮素1（ET-1）也可能与COVID-19的进展有关，而这些介质在牙周炎中也会升高。根据研究，糖尿病（DM）、肥胖、衰老和男性是PD和COVID-19之间最重要的共同风险因素，可能会影响治疗效果和预后。PD似乎在加重COVID-19方面起重要作用，甚至会影响疾病的死亡率。
