McGinnis J M
Public Health Rep. 1985 May-Jun;100(3):255-60.
Recent years have been marked by unprecedented accomplishments in preventing disease and reducing mortality. More gains can be expected, but there are limits. The forces shaping the nature and potential of prevention programs can be characterized as points falling along a spectrum ranging from the purely scientific to the purely social. This paper focuses on four elements of that spectrum, discussing some of the limitations to prevention that are presented by biological, technical, ethical, and economic factors. The author concludes with an essentially optimistic perspective on the prospects, special opportunities, and imperatives inherent in each of the categories of limitations discussed.
近年来，在疾病预防和死亡率降低方面取得了前所未有的成就。预计会有更多进展，但也存在局限性。塑造预防计划性质和潜力的力量可被描述为处于从纯科学到纯社会的连续统一体上的各个点。本文聚焦于该连续统一体的四个要素，讨论了生物学、技术、伦理和经济因素给预防带来的一些局限性。作者最后对所讨论的每类局限性中固有的前景、特殊机遇和必要性持基本乐观的看法。
