Antúnez Martín, McSweeney Marco, Zeytinoglu Selin, Tan Enda, Zeanah Charles H, Nelson Charles A, Fox Nathan A
Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine.
Dev Psychol. 2024 Sep 5. doi: 10.1037/dev0001804.
Aperiodic activity is a background arrhythmic component of electroencephalogram (EEG) that is present in the power spectrum and characterized by an aperiodic offset and an aperiodic exponent. These components have been proposed as a marker of brain maturation, reflecting alterations in excitatory-inhibitory (E:I) balance and exhibiting developmental changes over time. Currently, there is limited understanding regarding how aperiodic activity changes over the course of an individual's life, particularly from early childhood to adolescence, a period when the brain undergoes significant structural and functional transformation. More importantly, considering that brain development is affected by early experience, there is no evidence on how early adversity might affect these parameters. Here, we examined the developmental trajectories of aperiodic activity from EEG data collected in the Bucharest Early Intervention Project, from early childhood to mid adolescence (from 42 months of age up to 16 years old). We examined the effects of a history of early adversity and the impact of early intervention on background aperiodic EEG activity. Surprisingly, we found little influence of a history of adversity or early intervention on these characteristics of the signal. Rather, we found nonlinear age-related trajectories in both aperiodic offset and aperiodic exponent and sex differences in the trajectory for aperiodic offset (but not exponent). These findings provide information on the maturational patterns and trajectories of brain development from early childhood to mid adolescence and how background aperiodic activity describes one aspect of EEG development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
非周期性活动是脑电图（EEG）的一种背景性无节律成分，存在于功率谱中，其特征为非周期性偏移和非周期性指数。这些成分已被提议作为大脑成熟的标志，反映兴奋-抑制（E:I）平衡的变化，并随时间呈现出发育变化。目前，对于非周期性活动在个体生命过程中如何变化，尤其是从幼儿期到青春期（这是大脑经历重大结构和功能转变的时期），人们的了解有限。更重要的是，考虑到大脑发育受早期经历影响，尚无证据表明早期逆境如何影响这些参数。在此，我们从布加勒斯特早期干预项目收集的EEG数据中，研究了从幼儿期到青春期中期（从42个月大到16岁）非周期性活动的发育轨迹。我们研究了早期逆境史的影响以及早期干预对背景性非周期性EEG活动的影响。令人惊讶的是，我们发现逆境史或早期干预对信号的这些特征几乎没有影响。相反，我们发现非周期性偏移和非周期性指数均存在与年龄相关的非线性轨迹，并且在非周期性偏移的轨迹上存在性别差异（但指数无差异）。这些发现提供了有关从幼儿期到青春期中期大脑发育的成熟模式和轨迹的信息，以及背景性非周期性活动如何描述EEG发育的一个方面。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
