Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo, Brazil.
Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Oct 3;12(10):e0046624. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00466-24. Epub 2024 Sep 6.
Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) can lead to severe infections, with additional risks of increasing antimicrobial resistance rates. Genotypic similarities between ExPEC and avian pathogenic (APEC) support a possible role for a poultry meat reservoir in human disease. Some genomic studies have been done on the ST117 lineage which contaminates poultry meat, carries multidrug resistance, can be found in the human intestinal microbiota, and causes human extraintestinal disease. This study analyzed the genomes of 61 from Brazilian poultry outbreaks focusing on ST117, to further define its possible zoonotic characteristics by genotypic and phylogenomic analyses, along with 1,699 worldwide ST117 isolates originating from human, animal, and environment sources. A predominance of ST117 was detected in the Brazilian isolates ( = 20/61) frequently carrying resistance to critical antibiotics (>86%) linked to IncFII, IncI1, or IncX4 replicons. High similarities were found between IncX4 from Brazilian outbreaks and those from recovered from imported Brazilian poultry meat and human clinical cases. The ST117 phylogeny showed non-specificity according to host and continent and an AMR index score indicated the highest resistance in Asia and South America, with the latter statistically more resistant and overrepresented with resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). Most ST117 human isolates were predicted to have a poultry origin (93%, 138/148). In conclusion, poultry is a likely source for zoonotic ExPEC strains, particularly the ST117 lineage which can also serve as a reservoir for resistance determinants against critical antibiotics encoded on highly transmissible plasmids.
Certain extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) are particularly important as they affect humans and animals. Lineages, such as ST117, are predominant in poultry and frequent carriers of antibiotic resistance, presenting a risk to humans handling or ingesting poultry products. We analyzed ExPEC isolates causing outbreaks in Brazilian poultry, focusing on the ST117 as the most detected lineage. Genomic comparisons with international isolates from humans and animals were performed describing the potential zoonotic profile. The Brazilian ST117 isolates carried resistance determinants against critical antibiotics, mainly on plasmids, in some cases identical to those carried by international isolates. South American ST117 isolates from all sources generally exhibit more resistance, including to critical antibiotics, and worldwide, the vast majority of human isolates belonging to this lineage have a predicted poultry origin. As the world's largest poultry exporter, Brazil has an important role in developing strategies to prevent the dissemination of multidrug-resistant zoonotic ExPEC strains.
肠外致病性 （ExPEC）可导致严重感染，且抗生素耐药率不断上升的风险增加。ExPEC 与禽致病性 （APEC）之间存在基因相似性，这支持了家禽肉类可能是人类疾病的储主之一。一些关于污染家禽肉类、携带多种耐药性、可在人类肠道微生物群中发现并引起人类肠外疾病的 ST117 谱系的基因组研究已经完成。本研究对巴西家禽疫情中的 61 株 ST117 进行了基因组分析，通过基因分型和系统发育基因组分析，以及对来自人类、动物和环境来源的 1699 株全球 ST117 分离株，进一步确定其可能的人畜共患病特征。在巴西分离株中检测到 ST117 占主导地位（=20/61），这些分离株经常对与 IncFII、IncI1 或 IncX4 复制子相关的关键抗生素耐药（>86%）。从进口巴西家禽肉类和人类临床病例中回收的巴西疫情和 IncX4 之间发现高度相似性。ST117 系统发育显示出与宿主和大陆无关的特异性，抗生素耐药指数评分表明亚洲和南美洲的耐药性最高，后者在统计学上更耐药，对扩展谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的耐药性更高。大多数 ST117 人类分离株被预测来自家禽（93%，138/148）。总之，家禽可能是人畜共患的 ExPEC 菌株的来源，特别是 ST117 谱系，它也可以作为对高度可传播质粒上编码的关键抗生素的耐药决定因素的储主。
某些肠外致病性 （ExPEC）尤为重要，因为它们会影响人类和动物。ST117 等谱系在禽类中占主导地位，且经常携带抗生素耐药性，对处理或摄入家禽产品的人类构成风险。我们分析了导致巴西家禽疫情的 ExPEC 分离株，重点研究了作为最常见分离株的 ST117。对来自人类和动物的国际分离株进行了基因组比较，描述了潜在的人畜共患病特征。巴西 ST117 分离株携带对抗生素的耐药决定因素，主要是在质粒上，某些情况下与国际分离株携带的耐药决定因素相同。来自所有来源的南美洲 ST117 分离株通常表现出更高的耐药性，包括对关键抗生素的耐药性，而在全球范围内，属于这一谱系的绝大多数人类分离株都有预测的家禽起源。作为世界上最大的家禽出口国，巴西在制定策略防止多药耐药性人畜共患病 ExPEC 菌株传播方面发挥着重要作用。
