Carmona-Maurici Júlia, Ricart-Jané David, Viñas Anna, López-Tejero Maria Dolores, Eskubi-Turró Iratxe, Miñarro Antonio, Baena-Fustegueras Juan Antonio, Peinado-Onsurbe Julia, Pardina Eva
Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Obes Facts. 2024;17(6):602-612. doi: 10.1159/000541175. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
Severe obesity results in high cardiovascular risk (CVR), increasing morbidity, and mortality. New and improved methods are needed to detect cardiovascular diseases rapidly in severe obesity. microRNAs (miRNAs) has shown promise as diagnostic tools. This study aimed to identify plasma miRNAs useful as biomarkers of CVR in people with severe obesity.
The study included 66 people with severe obesity classified in groups with atheroma (n = 32) and free of plaques (n = 34). Plasma samples were collected 1 month before bariatric surgery and at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Participants were screened for the levels of 188 miRNAs, and 24 promising candidates were individually validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
After validation, 5 of the 24 miRNAs showed significant differences over time in both groups: miR-375 increased after bariatric surgery, whereas miR-144-5p, miR-20a-3p, miR-145-5p, and miR-21-3p exhibited decreased expression after bariatric surgery. The expression of 3 of the 24 miRNAs also differed between patients with and without atheroma: subjects with plaque had lower miR-126 but higher miR-21-3p and miR-133a-3p. Only miR-133a-3p exhibited exceptional discriminatory ability between subjects with and without plaque (area under the curve, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.81-0.99).
A specific signature of c-miRNA comprising miR-375, miR-144-5p, miR-20a-3p, miR-145-5p, and miR-21-3p may facilitate CVR monitoring after bariatric surgery. Furthermore, miR-21-3p, miR-126-3p, and miR-133a-3p show potential as specific biomarkers for subclinical atherosclerosis, with miR-133a-3p potentially able to diagnose subclinical atherosclerosis early in severe obesity.
重度肥胖会导致高心血管风险（CVR），增加发病率和死亡率。需要新的和改进的方法来在重度肥胖人群中快速检测心血管疾病。微小RNA（miRNA）已显示出作为诊断工具的前景。本研究旨在鉴定可作为重度肥胖人群CVR生物标志物的血浆miRNA。
该研究纳入了66名重度肥胖患者，分为有动脉粥样硬化组（n = 32）和无斑块组（n = 34）。在减肥手术前1个月以及随访的6个月和12个月时采集血浆样本。对参与者进行188种miRNA水平的筛查，并通过定量聚合酶链反应对24种有前景的候选miRNA进行单独验证。
验证后，24种miRNA中的5种在两组中随时间均显示出显著差异：减肥手术后miR - 375增加，而miR - 144 - 5p、miR - 20a - 3p、miR - 145 - 5p和miR - 21 - 3p在减肥手术后表达降低。24种miRNA中的3种在有和无动脉粥样硬化的患者之间表达也有所不同：有斑块的受试者miR - 126较低，但miR - 21 - 3p和miR - 133a - 3p较高。只有miR - 133a - 3p在有和无斑块的受试者之间表现出出色的鉴别能力（曲线下面积，0.90；95%置信区间，0.81 - 0.99）。
由miR - 375、miR - 144 - 5p、miR - 20a - 3p、miR - 145 - 5p和miR - 21 - 3p组成的特定循环miRNA特征可能有助于减肥手术后的CVR监测。此外，miR - 21 - 3p、miR - 126 - 3p和miR - 133a - 3p显示出作为亚临床动脉粥样硬化特异性生物标志物的潜力，其中miR - 133a - 3p有可能在重度肥胖早期诊断亚临床动脉粥样硬化。
