Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
China (Guangxi) - ASEAN Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 5;24(1):2416. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19873-0.
HIV/AIDS has emerged as a nationwide epidemic and has taken the forefront position as the primary infectious killer of adults in China. The control and prevention of the disease have been hampered by a weak link in the form of heterosexual transmission. However, conventional intervention measures have demonstrated suboptimal efficacy in reducing the incidence of new HIV infections. In light of the current epidemiological characteristics, we have developed and executed an innovative intervention model known as the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the 'CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO'. The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of this model on the AIDS awareness, HIV infection rates, sexual behavior, and associated factors among female sex workers and elderly clients. Through the provision of robust evidence of the efficacy of this innovative model, we seek to advocate for its implementation in future interventions.
The research design of this study incorporates both a serial cross-sectional study and time-series analysis from 2014 to 2021, including a 4-year traditional intervention (2014-2017) and the 4-year 'CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO' innovative intervention (2018-2021), was conducted to evaluate the effects of the new intervention. The GM(1, 1) model was performed to predict the proportion of HIV infection without implementing the innovative intervention in 2018-2021; P and C values were used to evaluate the performance of the model. Mann-Kendall test and descriptive methods were used to analyzed the trend of traditional and innovative interventions models on HIV positive detection rate in FSWs and elderly clients.
The condom usage rates during the last commercial sexual encounter for FSWs and elderly clients improved from 74.9% and 9.1%, respectively, to 96.9% and 28.1%. (P < 0.05), newly reported cases of HIV have decreased by 15.56% yearly and the HIV positive detection rate among middle-aged and elderly people has dropped by 14.47%. The innovative intervention model has significantly reduced the HIV infection rates.
The 'CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO' innovative intervention has achieved beneficial effects on HIV/AIDS prevention and control and provides a good reference for Guangxi, China.
艾滋病已成为全国性流行疾病，成为中国成年人主要传染病致死原因。疾病防控工作受到异性传播这一薄弱环节的阻碍。然而，传统干预措施在降低新的艾滋病感染发病率方面效果不佳。鉴于当前的流行病学特点，我们开发并执行了一种创新的干预模式，称为“疾控中心-公安局-非政府组织”联合防控机制。本研究旨在评估该模式对女性性工作者和老年客户艾滋病意识、艾滋病感染率、性行为和相关因素的影响。通过提供该创新模式有效性的有力证据，我们倡导在未来的干预措施中实施该模式。
本研究采用 2014 年至 2021 年的系列横断面研究和时间序列分析，包括 4 年传统干预（2014-2017 年）和 4 年“疾控中心-公安局-非政府组织”创新干预（2018-2021 年），评估新干预措施的效果。采用 GM(1,1)模型预测 2018-2021 年不实施创新干预时艾滋病感染比例；使用 P 值和 C 值评估模型性能。采用 Mann-Kendall 检验和描述性方法分析传统和创新干预模型对 FSWs 和老年客户 HIV 阳性检出率的趋势。
FSWs 和老年客户最近一次性交易时的避孕套使用率分别从 74.9%和 9.1%提高到 96.9%和 28.1%。（P < 0.05），新报告的艾滋病病例每年减少 15.56%，中年和老年人的 HIV 阳性检出率下降 14.47%。创新干预模式显著降低了 HIV 感染率。
“疾控中心-公安局-非政府组织”创新干预模式对艾滋病防控工作取得了有益效果，为中国广西提供了良好的借鉴。
