Iftikhar Muhammad, Saqib Muhammad, Zareen Muhammad, Mumtaz Hassan
Department of Surgery, MTI-KTH, Peshawar, Pakistan.
BPP University, London, UK.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 Aug 1;86(9):5401-5409. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002426. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Robotic surgery, known for its minimally invasive techniques and computer-controlled robotic arms, has revolutionized modern medicine by providing improved dexterity, visualization, and tremor reduction compared to traditional methods. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into robotic surgery has further advanced surgical precision, efficiency, and accessibility. This paper examines the current landscape of AI-driven robotic surgical systems, detailing their benefits, limitations, and future prospects. Initially, AI applications in robotic surgery focused on automating tasks like suturing and tissue dissection to enhance consistency and reduce surgeon workload. Present AI-driven systems incorporate functionalities such as image recognition, motion control, and haptic feedback, allowing real-time analysis of surgical field images and optimizing instrument movements for surgeons. The advantages of AI integration include enhanced precision, reduced surgeon fatigue, and improved safety. However, challenges such as high development costs, reliance on data quality, and ethical concerns about autonomy and liability hinder widespread adoption. Regulatory hurdles and workflow integration also present obstacles. Future directions for AI integration in robotic surgery include enhancing autonomy, personalizing surgical approaches, and refining surgical training through AI-powered simulations and virtual reality. Overall, AI integration holds promise for advancing surgical care, with potential benefits including improved patient outcomes and increased access to specialized expertise. Addressing challenges and promoting responsible adoption are essential for realizing the full potential of AI-driven robotic surgery.
机器人手术以其微创技术和计算机控制的机械臂而闻名，与传统方法相比，它通过提供更高的灵活性、可视化和减少震颤，彻底改变了现代医学。将人工智能（AI）集成到机器人手术中进一步提高了手术精度、效率和可及性。本文探讨了人工智能驱动的机器人手术系统的现状，详细介绍了它们的优点、局限性和未来前景。最初，人工智能在机器人手术中的应用主要集中在缝合和组织解剖等任务的自动化上，以提高一致性并减轻外科医生的工作量。目前的人工智能驱动系统具备图像识别、运动控制和触觉反馈等功能，能够对手术视野图像进行实时分析，并为外科医生优化器械动作。人工智能集成的优势包括提高精度、减轻外科医生疲劳和提高安全性。然而，诸如高开发成本、对数据质量的依赖以及对自主性和责任的伦理担忧等挑战阻碍了其广泛应用。监管障碍和工作流程整合也构成了障碍。机器人手术中人工智能集成的未来方向包括增强自主性、个性化手术方法以及通过人工智能驱动的模拟和虚拟现实完善手术培训。总体而言，人工智能集成有望推动手术护理的发展，潜在好处包括改善患者预后和增加获得专业知识的机会。应对挑战并促进负责任的应用对于实现人工智能驱动的机器人手术的全部潜力至关重要。
