School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
College of Social Work, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States.
Child Abuse Negl. 2024 Oct;156:107011. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107011. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
Child protective services (CPS) reports are spatially concentrated in disadvantaged neighborhoods and Black children are more likely than White children to reside in these neighborhoods. Entrenched patterns of racial residential segregation reflect the lasting impact of historical redlining - a racist practice spearheaded by the federally sponsored Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) in the 1930s that assigned worst risk grades to minoritized neighborhoods. Research has established links between historically redlined areas and the present-day wellbeing of children and families; however, little is known about the relationship between historical redlining and CPS report rates in neighborhoods.
Using census tracts as a proxy for neighborhood, this study examines the relationship between historical redlining and the number of CPS reports within neighborhoods.
PARTICIPANTS, SETTING, AND METHOD: This study combines data on HOLC risk grades and sociodemographic data from the American Community Survey with the aggregate number of CPS reports per census tract in Los Angeles County, CA (n = 1137).
We used Bayesian conditionally autoregressive models to examine the relationship between historical redlining score (A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4) and the number of CPS reports within neighborhoods. In the unadjusted model, each unit increase in redlining score is associated with a 21.6 % higher number of CPS reports (95 % CI; 1.140, 1.228). In adjusted models that included concentrated disadvantage, each unit increase in redlining score is associated with a 7.3 % higher number of CPS reports (95 % CI; 1.021, 1.136).
Housing policy reforms through a racial equity lens should be considered as a part of a national strategy to prevent child maltreatment.
儿童保护服务（CPS）报告在贫困社区集中，而黑童比白童更有可能居住在这些社区。根深蒂固的种族居住隔离模式反映了历史上红线划分的持久影响——这是联邦赞助的房主贷款公司（HOLC）在 20 世纪 30 年代发起的一种种族主义做法，该公司将最危险的风险等级分配给少数族裔社区。研究已经建立了历史上被红线划分的地区与儿童和家庭当前福祉之间的联系；然而，对于历史上的红线划分与社区内 CPS 报告率之间的关系知之甚少。
本研究使用普查区作为社区的代理，考察历史上的红线划分与社区内 CPS 报告数量之间的关系。
参与者、设置和方法：本研究将 HOLC 风险等级数据和美国社区调查的社会人口统计数据与加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县每个普查区的 CPS 报告总数（n=1137）相结合。
我们使用贝叶斯条件自回归模型来检验历史红线评分（A=1、B=2、C=3、D=4）与社区内 CPS 报告数量之间的关系。在未调整的模型中，红线评分每增加一个单位，CPS 报告数量就会增加 21.6%（95%CI：1.140，1.228）。在包含集中贫困的调整模型中，红线评分每增加一个单位，CPS 报告数量就会增加 7.3%（95%CI：1.021，1.136）。
通过种族公平视角进行住房政策改革，应被视为预防儿童虐待的国家战略的一部分。
