de Oliveira Santos Débora, Jost John T
Department of Political Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Commun Psychol. 2024 Jul 2;2(1):61. doi: 10.1038/s44271-024-00096-3.
Based on theory and research in political psychology, we hypothesized that liberal-conservative differences in right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and political system justification would contribute to asymmetries in anti-democratic tendencies. These hypotheses were tested in a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults (N = 1557). Results revealed that conservatives were less supportive of political equality and legal rights and guarantees and more willing to defect from democratic "rules of the game" and vote for anti-democratic candidates, even after adjusting for political extremism. Mediational analyses suggested that conservatives' anti-democratic tendencies were partially attributable to higher levels of right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation. Conservatives also scored higher in political system justification, which was associated with support for free speech and mitigated anti-democratic tendencies. Democrats and Republicans who approved January 6, 2021, insurrectionists were more conservative and higher in right-wing authoritarianism than those who did not. Implications for social psychology and society are discussed.
基于政治心理学的理论和研究，我们假设，在右翼威权主义、社会支配取向和政治制度正当性方面的自由派与保守派差异，将导致反民主倾向的不对称。这些假设在美国成年人的全国代表性调查（N = 1557）中得到了检验。结果显示，即使在对政治极端主义进行调整之后，保守派也不太支持政治平等以及法律权利和保障，并且更愿意背离民主的“游戏规则”，投票给反民主候选人。中介分析表明，保守派的反民主倾向部分归因于更高水平的右翼威权主义和社会支配取向。保守派在政治制度正当性方面的得分也更高，这与对言论自由的支持以及减轻反民主倾向有关。与不认可2021年1月6日叛乱者的民主党人和共和党人相比，认可叛乱者的人更加保守，右翼威权主义程度更高。本文讨论了这些结果对社会心理学和社会的影响。
