Tesarova Tereza, Fiala Ondrej, Hora Milan, Vaclavikova Radka
Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Nat Rev Urol. 2025 Mar;22(3):151-174. doi: 10.1038/s41585-024-00926-3. Epub 2024 Sep 6.
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common urological malignancy with an increasing incidence. The development of molecular biomarkers that can predict the response to treatment and guide personalized therapy selection would substantially improve patient outcomes. Dysregulation of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has been shown to have a role in the pathogenesis of ccRCC. Thus, an increasing number of studies are being carried out with a focus on the identification of ncRNA biomarkers in ccRCC tissue samples and the connection of these markers with patients' prognosis, pathological stage and grade (including metastatic potential), and therapy outcome. RNA sequencing analysis led to the identification of several ncRNA biomarkers that are dysregulated in ccRCC and might have a role in ccRCC development. These ncRNAs have the potential to be prognostic and predictive biomarkers for ccRCC, with prospective applications in personalized treatment selection. Research on ncRNA biomarkers in ccRCC is advancing, but clinical implementation remains preliminary owing to challenges in validation, standardization and reproducibility. Comprehensive studies and integration of ncRNAs into clinical trials are essential to accelerate the clinical use of these biomarkers.
透明细胞肾细胞癌（ccRCC）是一种常见的泌尿系统恶性肿瘤，其发病率呈上升趋势。开发能够预测治疗反应并指导个性化治疗选择的分子生物标志物将显著改善患者的治疗结果。非编码RNA（ncRNA）的失调已被证明在ccRCC的发病机制中起作用。因此，越来越多的研究聚焦于在ccRCC组织样本中鉴定ncRNA生物标志物，以及这些标志物与患者预后、病理分期和分级（包括转移潜能）及治疗结果的关联。RNA测序分析导致鉴定出几种在ccRCC中失调且可能在ccRCC发展中起作用的ncRNA生物标志物。这些ncRNAs有潜力成为ccRCC的预后和预测生物标志物，并在个性化治疗选择中有前瞻性应用。ccRCC中ncRNA生物标志物的研究正在推进，但由于验证、标准化和可重复性方面的挑战，临床应用仍处于初步阶段。将ncRNAs进行全面研究并纳入临床试验对于加速这些生物标志物的临床应用至关重要。
