School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, BAAFS (Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences), Beijing 100097, China.
Food Chem. 2025 Jan 15;463(Pt 1):141122. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141122. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are ideal fluorescent probes for rapid detection. This paper reviews the synthesis methods of CQDs, their application in the rapid detection of antibiotics and heavy metals in the environment and food, and the underlying detection mechanisms. The hydrothermal method is the most commonly used for synthesis, and CQDs doped with heteroatoms (such as N, P and S) exhibit superior fluorescence performance. In the presence of antibiotics and heavy metals, the fluorescence of CQDs can be quenched or enhanced. Single-signal and dual-signal probes can be developed using the fluorescence, phosphorescence and absorbance of CQDs, enabling rapid detection of various antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline, quinolone and beta-lactam antibiotics) and heavy metals (e.g., Cd, Cr, Fe, Hg, and Pb). With the combination of smartphones and fluorescent probe test strips developed based on CQDs, on-the-spot rapid detection can be realized. This review offers new insights into the rapid detection of CQDs.
碳量子点（CQDs）是快速检测的理想荧光探针。本文综述了 CQDs 的合成方法及其在环境和食品中抗生素和重金属的快速检测中的应用及潜在的检测机制。水热法是最常用的合成方法，掺杂杂原子（如 N、P 和 S）的 CQDs 表现出优异的荧光性能。在存在抗生素和重金属的情况下，CQDs 的荧光可以被猝灭或增强。可以利用 CQDs 的荧光、磷光和吸收来开发单信号和双信号探针，从而实现对各种抗生素（如四环素、喹诺酮类和β-内酰胺类抗生素）和重金属（如 Cd、Cr、Fe、Hg 和 Pb）的快速检测。结合智能手机和基于 CQDs 开发的荧光探针试条，可以实现现场快速检测。本综述为 CQDs 的快速检测提供了新的见解。
