Ripoll P, Pimpinelli S, Valdivia M M, Avila J
Cell. 1985 Jul;41(3):907-12. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80071-4.
Normal distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells is insured by the proper functioning of the spindle. Homozygosity for a semi-lethal mutation of Drosophila melanogaster (abnormal spindle) altering this structure has the following effects: the mitotic cycle is arrested in metaphase, leading to a high frequency of polyploid cells; sex chromosome disjunction during male meiosis is severely affected, as revealed by the resulting exceptional (diplo and nullo) gametes (microscopic examination of spermiogenesis confirms this aberrant segregation); meiotic spindles of living cells are morphologically abnormal; and tubulins extracted from mutant larvae are normal in amount, electrophoretic mobility, and ability to form microtubules in vitro. The results suggest that the mutant phenotype is due to an altered structural component of the spindle other than tubulins.
纺锤体的正常功能确保了染色体向子细胞的正常分配。果蝇(异常纺锤体)的半致死突变纯合子会改变这种结构,产生以下影响:有丝分裂周期在中期停滞,导致多倍体细胞的高频率出现;雄性减数分裂期间性染色体分离受到严重影响,这可通过产生的异常(二倍体和无染色体)配子得以揭示(精子发生的显微镜检查证实了这种异常分离);活细胞的减数分裂纺锤体在形态上异常;从突变幼虫中提取的微管蛋白在数量、电泳迁移率以及体外形成微管的能力方面均正常。结果表明,突变表型是由于纺锤体中除微管蛋白之外的结构成分发生改变所致。