Lee Michelle M S, Yu Eric Y, Chau Joe H C, Lam Jacky W Y, Kwok Ryan T K, Tang Ben Zhong
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Sep 9:e2407707. doi: 10.1002/adma.202407707.
Bacteria share a longstanding and complex relationship with humans, playing a role in protecting gut health and sustaining the ecosystem to cause infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance. Luminogenic materials that share aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics have emerged as a versatile toolbox for bacterial studies through fluorescence visualization. Numerous research efforts highlight the superiority of AIE materials in this field. Recent advances in AIE materials in bacterial studies are categorized into four areas: understanding bacterial interactions, antibacterial strategies, diverse applications, and synergistic applications with bacteria. Initial research focuses on visualizing the unseen bacteria and progresses into developing strategies involving electrostatic interactions, amphiphilic AIE luminogens (AIEgens), and various AIE materials to enhance bacterial affinity. Recent progress in antibacterial strategies includes using photodynamic and photothermal therapies, bacterial toxicity studies, and combined therapies. Diverse applications from environmental disinfection to disease treatment, utilizing AIE materials in antibacterial coatings, bacterial sensors, wound healing materials, etc., are also provided. Finally, synergistic applications combining AIE materials with bacteria to achieve enhanced outcomes are explored. This review summarizes the developmental trend of AIE materials in bacterial studies and is expected to provide future research directions in advancing bacterial methodologies.
细菌与人类有着长期且复杂的关系，在保护肠道健康和维持生态系统方面发挥作用，同时也会引发传染病和产生抗生素耐药性。具有聚集诱导发光（AIE）特性的发光材料已成为通过荧光可视化进行细菌研究的多功能工具箱。众多研究工作凸显了AIE材料在该领域的优越性。AIE材料在细菌研究中的最新进展可分为四个领域：理解细菌相互作用、抗菌策略、多样应用以及与细菌的协同应用。最初的研究重点是可视化不可见细菌，并发展到涉及静电相互作用、两亲性AIE发光体（AIEgens）和各种AIE材料以增强细菌亲和力的策略。抗菌策略的最新进展包括使用光动力和光热疗法、细菌毒性研究以及联合疗法。还介绍了利用AIE材料在抗菌涂层、细菌传感器、伤口愈合材料等方面从环境消毒到疾病治疗的多样应用。最后，探讨了将AIE材料与细菌结合以实现增强效果的协同应用。本综述总结了AIE材料在细菌研究中的发展趋势，有望为推进细菌研究方法提供未来的研究方向。
