Sharma Vikas, Chaudhary Anis Ahmad, Bawari Sweta, Gupta Saurabh, Mishra Richa, Khan Salah-Ud-Din, Ali Mohamed A M, Shahid Mohammad, Srivastava Saurabh, Verma Devvrat, Gupta Arti, Kumar Sanjay, Kumar Sandeep
Metro College of Health Sciences and Research, Greater Noida, India.
School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Aug 23;15:1414790. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1414790. eCollection 2024.
Cancer prevention is currently envisioned as a molecular-based approach to prevent carcinogenesis in pre-cancerous stages, i.e., dysplasia and carcinoma . Cancer is the second-leading cause of mortality worldwide, and a more than 61% increase is expected by 2040. A detailed exploration of cancer progression pathways, including the NF-kβ signaling pathway, Wnt-B catenin signaling pathway, JAK-STAT pathway, TNF-α-mediated pathway, MAPK/mTOR pathway, and apoptotic and angiogenic pathways and effector molecules involved in cancer development, has been discussed in the manuscript. Critical evaluation of these effector molecules through molecular approaches using phytomolecules can intersect cancer formation and its metastasis. Manipulation of effector molecules like NF-kβ, SOCS, β-catenin, BAX, BAK, VEGF, STAT, Bcl2, p53, caspases, and CDKs has played an important role in inhibiting tumor growth and its spread. Plant-derived secondary metabolites obtained from natural sources have been extensively studied for their cancer-preventing potential in the last few decades. Eugenol, anethole, capsaicin, sanguinarine, EGCG, 6-gingerol, and resveratrol are some examples of such interesting lead molecules and are mentioned in the manuscript. This work is an attempt to put forward a comprehensive approach to understanding cancer progression pathways and their management using effector herbal molecules. The role of different plant metabolites and their chronic toxicity profiling in modulating cancer development pathways has also been highlighted.
目前，癌症预防被设想为一种基于分子的方法，用于在癌前阶段（即发育异常和癌症阶段）预防致癌作用。癌症是全球第二大死因，预计到2040年将增加61%以上。本文讨论了对癌症进展途径的详细探索，包括NF-kβ信号通路、Wnt-β连环蛋白信号通路、JAK-STAT通路、TNF-α介导的通路、MAPK/mTOR通路以及参与癌症发展的凋亡和血管生成通路及效应分子。通过使用植物分子的分子方法对这些效应分子进行批判性评估，可以阻断癌症的形成及其转移。对NF-kβ、SOCS、β-连环蛋白、BAX、BAK、VEGF、STAT、Bcl2、p53、半胱天冬酶和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶等效应分子的操纵在抑制肿瘤生长及其扩散方面发挥了重要作用。在过去几十年中，从天然来源获得的植物衍生次生代谢产物因其预防癌症的潜力而受到广泛研究。丁香酚、茴香脑、辣椒素、血根碱、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、6-姜酚和白藜芦醇就是这类有趣的先导分子的一些例子，本文中也有提及。这项工作试图提出一种全面的方法，以了解癌症进展途径及其使用效应草药分子的管理。还强调了不同植物代谢产物在调节癌症发展途径中的作用及其慢性毒性分析。
