Alluwyam Ali H, Estrella Edric D
Department of Preventive Medicine, Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine, Al-Ahsa, SAU.
Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 8;16(8):e66419. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66419. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Diabetes mellitus is a global health crisis affecting millions. Nutrition plays a vital role in its management and prevention. While carbohydrate reduction is beneficial for glycemic control, various dietary approaches exist. The ketogenic diet, characterized by very low carbohydrate intake, has shown promise in weight management and blood sugar control. However, its potential for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains largely unexplored. To evaluate the ketogenic diet's potential in preventing T2DM, this review searched the PubMed database for studies published between 2013 and 2023. Findings suggest that the diet can effectively aid weight loss and improve blood glucose levels. Some evidence indicates reduced reliance on diabetes medications. However, effects on cholesterol levels are inconsistent, and long-term adherence challenges exist. Additionally, potential micronutrient deficiencies and safety concerns require careful consideration. While the ketogenic diet offers potential benefits, further research is needed to establish its efficacy and safety as a long-term prevention strategy for T2DM. However, the results of the present study indicate the need for further research in this area, utilizing rigorous methodology.
糖尿病是一场影响数百万人的全球健康危机。营养在其管理和预防中起着至关重要的作用。虽然减少碳水化合物摄入对血糖控制有益，但存在多种饮食方法。生酮饮食的特点是碳水化合物摄入量极低，在体重管理和血糖控制方面已显示出前景。然而，其预防2型糖尿病（T2DM）的潜力在很大程度上仍未得到探索。为了评估生酮饮食在预防T2DM方面的潜力，本综述在PubMed数据库中检索了2013年至2023年间发表的研究。研究结果表明，这种饮食可以有效地帮助减肥并改善血糖水平。一些证据表明对糖尿病药物的依赖减少。然而，对胆固醇水平的影响并不一致，并且存在长期依从性挑战。此外，潜在的微量营养素缺乏和安全问题需要仔细考虑。虽然生酮饮食有潜在益处，但需要进一步研究以确定其作为T2DM长期预防策略的有效性和安全性。然而，本研究结果表明需要在该领域利用严格的方法进行进一步研究。
