Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
PeerJ. 2024 Sep 5;12:e17843. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17843. eCollection 2024.
(Gennadius) whitefly (BtWf) is an invasive pest that has already spread worldwide and caused major crop losses. Numerous strategies have been implemented to control their infestation, including the use of insecticides. However, prolonged insecticide exposures have evolved BtWf to resist these chemicals. Such resistance mechanism is known to be regulated at the molecular level and systems biology omics approaches could shed some light on understanding this regulation wholistically. In this review, we discuss the use of various omics techniques (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) to unravel the mechanism of insecticide resistance in BtWf. We summarize key genes, enzymes, and metabolic regulation that are associated with the resistance mechanism and review their impact on BtWf resistance. Evidently, key enzymes involved in the detoxification system such as cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathione S-transferases (GST), carboxylesterases (COE), UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT), and ATP binding cassette transporters (ABC) family played key roles in the resistance. These genes/proteins can then serve as the foundation for other targeted techniques, such as gene silencing techniques using RNA interference and CRISPR. In the future, such techniques will be useful to knock down detoxifying genes and crucial neutralizing enzymes involved in the resistance mechanism, which could lead to solutions for coping against BtWf infestation.
(Gennadius) 粉虱（BtWf）是一种入侵性害虫，已经在全球范围内传播，并造成了重大的作物损失。为了控制其虫害，已经实施了许多策略，包括使用杀虫剂。然而，杀虫剂的长期暴露导致 BtWf 产生了抗药性。这种抗性机制已知是在分子水平上调节的，系统生物学组学方法可以全面了解这种调节。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了使用各种组学技术（基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学）来揭示 BtWf 杀虫剂抗性的机制。我们总结了与抗性机制相关的关键基因、酶和代谢调控，并回顾了它们对 BtWf 抗性的影响。显然，参与解毒系统的关键酶，如细胞色素 P450（CYP）、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）、羧酸酯酶（COE）、尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶（UGT）和 ATP 结合盒转运蛋白（ABC）家族，在抗性中发挥了关键作用。这些基因/蛋白质可以作为其他靶向技术的基础，例如使用 RNA 干扰和 CRISPR 的基因沉默技术。在未来，这些技术将有助于敲低参与抗性机制的解毒基因和关键中和酶，这可能为应对 BtWf 虫害提供解决方案。
