Haykal Diala, Cartier Hugues, Dréno Brigitte
Centre Laser Palaiseau, Palaiseau, France.
Centre Médical Saint Jean, Arras, France.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2024 Dec;23(12):3836-3846. doi: 10.1111/jocd.16557. Epub 2024 Sep 9.
The complex ecosystem of the skin microbiome is essential for skin health by acting as a primary defense against infections, regulating immune responses, and maintaining barrier integrity. This literature review aims to consolidate existing information on the skin microbiome, focusing on its composition, functionality, importance, and its impact on skin aging.
An exhaustive exploration of scholarly literature was performed utilizing electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate, focusing on studies published between 2011 and 2024. Keywords included "skin microbiome," "skin microbiota," and "aging skin." Studies involving human subjects that focused on the skin microbiome's relationship with skin health were included. Out of 100 initially identified studies, 70 met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed.
Studies showed that aging is associated with a reduction in the variety of microorganisms of the skin microbiome, leading to an increased susceptibility to skin conditions. Consequently, this underlines the interest in bacteriotherapy, mainly topical probiotics, to reinforce the skin microbiome in older adults, suggesting improvements in skin health and a reduction in age-related skin conditions. Further exploration is needed into the microbiome's role in skin health and the development of innovative, microbe-based skincare products. Biotherapeutic approaches, including the use of phages, endolysins, probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and microbiome transplantation, can restore balance and enhance skin health. This article also addresses regulatory standards in the EU and the USA that ensure the safety and effectiveness of microbial skincare products.
This review underscores the need to advance research on the skin microbiome's role in cosmetic enhancements and tailored skincare solutions, highlighting a great interest in leveraging microbial communities for dermatological benefits.
皮肤微生物群的复杂生态系统对于皮肤健康至关重要，它可作为抵御感染的主要防线，调节免疫反应并维持屏障完整性。本综述旨在整合有关皮肤微生物群的现有信息，重点关注其组成、功能、重要性及其对皮肤衰老的影响。
利用包括PubMed、谷歌学术和ResearchGate在内的电子数据库对学术文献进行了详尽的探索，重点关注2011年至2024年发表的研究。关键词包括“皮肤微生物群”“皮肤微生物区系”和“衰老皮肤”。纳入了涉及人类受试者且关注皮肤微生物群与皮肤健康关系的研究。在最初确定的100项研究中，70项符合纳入标准并进行了综述。
研究表明，衰老与皮肤微生物群中微生物种类的减少有关，导致皮肤疾病易感性增加。因此，这凸显了对细菌疗法（主要是局部益生菌）的兴趣，以增强老年人的皮肤微生物群，表明可改善皮肤健康并减少与年龄相关的皮肤疾病。需要进一步探索微生物群在皮肤健康中的作用以及开发创新的基于微生物的护肤品。生物治疗方法，包括使用噬菌体、内溶素、益生菌、益生元、后生元以及微生物群移植，可恢复平衡并增强皮肤健康。本文还讨论了欧盟和美国确保微生物护肤品安全性和有效性的监管标准。
本综述强调需要推进关于皮肤微生物群在美容增强和个性化护肤解决方案中作用的研究，突出了利用微生物群落实现皮肤病学益处的浓厚兴趣。
