Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda.
J Infect Dis. 2024 Nov 15;230(5):e1176-e1180. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae446.
The causes of diarrhea after 10 years of rotavirus vaccination in Rwanda were investigated with real-time polymerase chain reaction in 496 children with diarrhea and 298 without. Rotavirus was detected in 11% of children with diarrhea (odds ratio, 2.48; P = .002). Comparison of population attributable fractions (PAFs) shows that Shigella (PAF, 11%) and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli producing labile toxin (PAF, 12%) have replaced rotavirus as the main causative agents. The PAF for rotavirus had declined from 41% prevaccination to 6.5% postvaccination, indicating that rotavirus has become one among several similarly important causes of childhood diarrhea in Rwanda. A rotavirus genotype shift to G3P[8] points at the importance of continued genotype surveillance.
在卢旺达，对 496 名腹泻儿童和 298 名无腹泻儿童进行实时聚合酶链反应调查了轮状病毒疫苗接种 10 年后腹泻的原因。在 11%的腹泻儿童中检测到轮状病毒（比值比，2.48；P =.002）。人群归因分数（PAF）的比较表明，志贺菌（PAF，11%）和产不稳定毒素的肠产毒性大肠杆菌（PAF，12%）已取代轮状病毒成为主要病原体。轮状病毒的 PAF 从疫苗接种前的 41%下降到疫苗接种后的 6.5%，表明轮状病毒已成为卢旺达儿童腹泻的几个同样重要的原因之一。轮状病毒基因型向 G3P[8]的转变表明持续进行基因型监测的重要性。
