Goodhew Stephanie C, Edwards Mark
School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2025 Apr;32(2):528-546. doi: 10.3758/s13423-024-02573-6. Epub 2024 Sep 9.
The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) has been widely used as a measure of subjective cognitive function in everyday life for decades. However, the evidence on how it relates to objective performance on executive function tasks is mixed. One possible reason for these mixed results is that the CFQ has selective relationships with some aspects of executive function and not others. Here, therefore, we classified tasks according to an influential framework of executive functions-switching, updating, inhibition, and we also considered the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) as a category because it was custom designed to gauge cognitive failures. We synthesized a large body of available evidence and performed four Bayesian meta-analyses on the relationship between CFQ scores and objective performance on executive function tasks in these four categories. Results suggested that CFQ scores were associated with objective performance on SART (18 effect sizes, μ = -.19, BF = 18.03, i.e., 18.03 times more evidence of a relationship versus no relationship), updating working memory (49 effect sizes, μ = -.06, BF = 17.80), and inhibition tasks (41 effect sizes, μ = -.07, BF = 15.40), whereas there was not definitive evidence regarding switching (34 effect sizes, μ = -.06, BF = .50, i.e., two times greater evidence for no relationship). This suggests that subjective cognitive function can predict objective performance on at least some executive function tasks. We discuss methodological and theoretical factors that constrain the maximum observable correlation and consider the relative insights that subjective measures versus task performance provide.
几十年来，认知失误问卷（CFQ）一直被广泛用作衡量日常生活中主观认知功能的工具。然而，关于它与执行功能任务的客观表现之间的关系，证据并不一致。这些结果不一致的一个可能原因是，CFQ与执行功能的某些方面存在选择性关系，而与其他方面则没有。因此，在这里，我们根据执行功能的一个有影响力的框架——转换、更新、抑制，对任务进行了分类，并且我们还将持续注意反应任务（SART）视为一个类别，因为它是专门为测量认知失误而设计的。我们综合了大量现有的证据，并对这四类执行功能任务中CFQ分数与客观表现之间的关系进行了四项贝叶斯元分析。结果表明，CFQ分数与SART的客观表现相关（18个效应量，μ = -0.19，BF = 18.03，即存在关系的证据是不存在关系的18.03倍）、更新工作记忆（49个效应量，μ = -0.06，BF = 17.80）以及抑制任务（41个效应量，μ = -0.07，BF = 15.40），而关于转换任务则没有确凿的证据（34个效应量，μ = -0.06，BF = 0.50，即不存在关系的证据是存在关系的两倍）。这表明主观认知功能至少可以预测某些执行功能任务的客观表现。我们讨论了限制最大可观察到的相关性的方法学和理论因素，并考虑了主观测量与任务表现所提供的相对见解。
