可可消费对心血管代谢风险标志物的影响：系统评价和随机对照试验荟萃分析的方案。
Effects of cocoa consumption on cardiometabolic risk markers: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
机构信息
Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Hcor Research Institute (IP-Hcor), Hcor, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2024 Sep 9;19(9):e0309824. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309824. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
Cardiometabolic diseases cover a spectrum of interrelated conditions linked to metabolic dysfunctions and/or cardiovascular disorders, including systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Cocoa is a rich source of dietary polyphenols and has been associated with cardiovascular health benefits. However, beneficial effects of cocoa consumption and appropriate quantities in decreasing cardiometabolic risk factors have yet to be established. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of cocoa consumption on cardiometabolic risk markers (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure) in adults with or without established cardiovascular risk factors.
METHODS
Our review will include all randomized controlled trials published in English, Portuguese and Spanish with no date of publication restrictions evaluating the effects of cocoa consumption on cardiometabolic risk markers selected from the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science and SciELO, and gray literature. Eligible studies must involve adults (age ≥18y), and the consumption of cocoa or dark chocolate (≥ 70% cocoa), include a control group and evaluate blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, and lipid or glycemic profiles. We will use risk-of-bias 2 (RoB2) tool to assess the risk of bias and the GRADE system to assess the strength of evidence. Statistical analyses will be performed using RStudio for Windows and R package meta.
DISCUSSION
This meta-analysis will summarize existing evidence on the effects of cocoa consumption on cardiometabolic health in adults. Better understanding the effects of cocoa consumption on anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and lipid and glycemic profiles can provide valuable insights for health professionals to improve dietary recommendations regarding appropriate quantities.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42023484490.
背景
心血管代谢疾病涵盖了一系列与代谢功能障碍和/或心血管疾病相关的相互关联的病症，包括系统性动脉高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和肥胖症。可可富含膳食多酚，与心血管健康益处有关。然而，可可消费对降低心血管代谢危险因素的有益影响及其适当的摄入量尚未确定。因此，我们将进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以研究可可消费对有或无既定心血管危险因素的成年人的心血管代谢风险标志物（总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、血糖、糖化血红蛋白、腰围、腹围、体重指数、收缩压和舒张压）的影响。
方法
我们的综述将包括所有发表在英语、葡萄牙语和西班牙语的随机对照试验，没有发表日期的限制，评估可可消费对从 MEDLINE（PubMed）、LILACS、Cochrane、EMBASE、Web of Science 和 SciELO 数据库以及灰色文献中选择的心血管代谢风险标志物的影响。合格的研究必须涉及成年人（年龄≥18 岁），并且消费可可或黑巧克力（可可含量≥70%），包括对照组，并评估血压、人体测量学指标以及血脂或血糖谱。我们将使用风险偏倚 2（RoB2）工具评估偏倚风险，使用 GRADE 系统评估证据强度。统计分析将使用 Windows 版的 RStudio 和 R 包 meta 进行。
讨论
这项荟萃分析将总结现有的关于可可消费对成年人心血管代谢健康影响的证据。更好地了解可可消费对人体测量学指标、血压以及血脂和血糖谱的影响，可以为健康专业人员提供有价值的见解，以改善关于适当摄入量的饮食建议。
试验注册
系统评价注册：PROSPERO CRD42023484490。
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