Wang Shuang, Ma Jun-Xiong, Zheng Liang, Wang Hong, Yu Hai-Long, Chen Yu
Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 18;10(16):e36448. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36448. eCollection 2024 Aug 30.
To investigate the ability of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK) to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and compare the effects of different degrees of sulfonation (DS), SPEEK was made with two different DS. The L-SPEEK group had a lower DS, while the H-SPEEK group had a higher DS. The physicochemical properties of both species were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), capitilize Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Then, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation between the two groups and with pure polyetheretherketone (PEEK) were compared after surface inoculation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the surface of the PEEK substrates could be smooth or coarse, and the degree of roughness increased with increasing sulfonation. FTIR spectroscopy showed that both the L-SPEEK and H-SPEEK samples contained sulfonic acid. TGA and XRD revealed that the components in the two groups were the same, but the intensities were different. After BMSC inoculation, a CCK8 assay revealed that the cells proliferated more on the H-SPEEK surface and little on the L-SPEEK surface compared with the PEEK surface. Then, osteogenic differentiation was verified by immunofluorescence staining for OCN and Runx2, which indicated that H-SPEEK had the greatest effect on improving differentiation. The results of alizarin red staining (ARS) and alkaline phosphatase staining (APS) also revealed this trend. Sulfonation can change the microsurface of PEEK, which can improve both BMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
为研究磺化聚醚醚酮（SPEEK）促进骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）增殖和成骨分化的能力，并比较不同磺化度（DS）的影响，制备了两种不同DS的SPEEK。L-SPEEK组的DS较低，而H-SPEEK组的DS较高。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析（TGA）、X射线衍射（XRD）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）对两种材料的物理化学性质进行了评估。然后，在骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）表面接种后，比较了两组之间以及与纯聚醚醚酮（PEEK）相比的增殖和成骨分化情况。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示，PEEK基底表面可以是光滑的或粗糙的，粗糙度随着磺化度的增加而增加。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）表明，L-SPEEK和H-SPEEK样品均含有磺酸。热重分析（TGA）和X射线衍射（XRD）显示，两组中的成分相同，但强度不同。接种BMSC后，CCK8检测显示，与PEEK表面相比，细胞在H-SPEEK表面增殖更多，而在L-SPEEK表面增殖较少。然后，通过对骨钙素（OCN）和Runx2的免疫荧光染色验证了成骨分化，这表明H-SPEEK对改善分化的作用最大。茜素红染色（ARS）和碱性磷酸酶染色（APS）的结果也显示了这种趋势。磺化可以改变PEEK的微观表面，从而改善BMSC的增殖和成骨分化。
