Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Aug 26;15:1437452. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1437452. eCollection 2024.
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health concern, especially among individuals with short sleep duration. Understanding the relationship between physical exercise and DM in this population is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. However, the presence of a potential threshold effect of exercise on DM risk remains unclear.
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2018, this population-based study investigated the association between physical exercise and DM in individuals with short sleep duration (no more than 7 hours per night). Weighted logistic regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors. Additionally, a two-piecewise linear regression model was employed to identify any threshold effect of exercise on DM risk.
This study included 15,092 participants identified with short sleep duration. Demographic characteristics stratified by DM status indicate higher prevalence among certain groups, such as middle-aged and older adults, males, and non-Hispanic Whites. The analysis revealed an inverse association between exercise levels and DM prevalence among the short sleep population. In the fully adjusted model, individuals engaging in sufficient exercise (> 600 MET-minutes/week) exhibited significantly reduced odds of developing DM [OR (95% CI): 0.624(0.527,0.738), p < 0.001]. Furthermore, the segmented regression model identified an inflection point at 2000 MET-minutes/week, below which a significant correlation between exercise and DM was observed.
This study provides evidence of a threshold effect of physical exercise on its association with DM in individuals with short sleep duration. Tailored exercise interventions targeting this population may help mitigate DM risk and improve overall health outcomes. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore optimal exercise thresholds for DM prevention strategies.
糖尿病（DM）的患病率是一个重大的公共卫生问题，尤其是在睡眠时长较短的人群中。了解该人群中体力活动与 DM 之间的关系对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要。然而，运动对 DM 风险的潜在阈值效应是否存在尚不清楚。
本基于人群的研究利用 2007 年至 2018 年期间的国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）数据，调查了睡眠时长较短（每晚不超过 7 小时）人群中体力活动与 DM 之间的关系。采用加权 logistic 回归分析，调整了人口统计学和生活方式因素。此外，还采用两段线性回归模型来确定运动对 DM 风险的任何阈值效应。
本研究纳入了 15092 名睡眠时长较短的参与者。根据 DM 状况分层的人口统计学特征表明，某些人群（如中年和老年、男性以及非西班牙裔白人）的患病率较高。分析结果显示，体力活动水平与睡眠时长较短人群的 DM 患病率之间呈负相关。在完全调整模型中，进行足够运动（>600 MET-minutes/周）的个体发生 DM 的几率显著降低[OR（95%CI）：0.624（0.527，0.738），p<0.001]。此外，分段回归模型确定了 2000 MET-minutes/周的拐点，低于该值时，运动与 DM 之间存在显著相关性。
本研究提供了体力活动与睡眠时长较短人群 DM 之间关联存在阈值效应的证据。针对该人群的有针对性的运动干预措施可能有助于降低 DM 风险并改善整体健康结局。需要进一步的研究来验证这些发现并探索 DM 预防策略的最佳运动阈值。
