Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
Br J Sports Med. 2024 Nov 12;58(21):1267-1284. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108481.
To assess the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared with traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and/or non-exercise control (CON) for modification of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and other cardiometabolic health outcomes in individuals with MetS.
Systematic review and meta-analysis DATA SOURCES: Five databases were searched from inception to March 2024.
Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing HIIT with MICT/CON were performed for components of MetS (waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and fasting blood glucose (BG)) and clinically relevant cardiometabolic health parameters. Subgroup moderator analyses were conducted based on the intervention duration and HIIT volume.
Out of 4819 studies, 23 RCTs involving 1374 participants were included (mean age: 46.2-67.0 years, 55% male). HIIT significantly improved WC (weighted mean difference (WMD) -4.12 cm, 95% CI -4.71 to -3.53), SBP (WMD -6.05 mm Hg, 95% CI -8.11 to -4.00), DBP (WMD -3.68 mm Hg, 95% CI -5.70 to -1.65), HDL-C (WMD 0.12 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.20), TG (WMD -0.34 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.41 to -0.27) and BG (WMD -0.35 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.54 to -0.16) compared with CON (all p<0.01). HIIT approaches demonstrated comparable effects to MICT across all parameters. Subgroup analyses suggested that HIIT protocols with low volume (ie, <15 min of high-intensity exercise per session) were not inferior to higher volume protocols for improving MetS components.
This review supports HIIT as an efficacious exercise strategy for improving cardiometabolic health in individuals with MetS. Low-volume HIIT appears to be a viable alternative to traditional forms of aerobic exercise.
评估高强度间歇训练（HIIT）与传统中等强度持续训练（MICT）和/或非运动对照（CON）相比，在改变代谢综合征（MetS）患者的代谢综合征成分和其他心血管代谢健康结果方面的效果。
系统评价和荟萃分析
从开始到 2024 年 3 月，在五个数据库中进行了搜索。
对比较 HIIT 与 MICT/CON 的随机对照试验（RCT）进行了荟萃分析，以评估代谢综合征成分（腰围（WC）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）和空腹血糖（BG））和临床相关心血管代谢健康参数。根据干预持续时间和 HIIT 量进行了亚组调节分析。
在 4819 项研究中，纳入了 23 项 RCT 涉及 1374 名参与者（平均年龄：46.2-67.0 岁，55%为男性）。HIIT 显著改善了 WC（加权均数差（WMD）-4.12cm，95%CI-4.71 至-3.53）、SBP（WMD-6.05mmHg，95%CI-8.11 至-4.00）、DBP（WMD-3.68mmHg，95%CI-5.70 至-1.65）、HDL-C（WMD0.12mmol/L，95%CI0.04 至 0.20）、TG（WMD-0.34mmol/L，95%CI-0.41 至-0.27）和 BG（WMD-0.35mmol/L，95%CI-0.54 至-0.16）与 CON（均 p<0.01）。HIIT 方法在所有参数上均表现出与 MICT 相当的效果。亚组分析表明，对于改善代谢综合征成分，低量（即每次 HIIT 训练<15 分钟）的 HIIT 方案并不逊于高量方案。
本综述支持 HIIT 作为改善代谢综合征患者心血管代谢健康的有效运动策略。低量 HIIT 似乎是传统有氧运动的一种可行替代方案。
