Subasinghe Kumudu, Barber Robert, Phillips Nicole
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States.
Department of Family Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States.
Front Aging. 2025 May 13;6:1582812. doi: 10.3389/fragi.2025.1582812. eCollection 2025.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that are known to regulate gene expression in their target locations thereby contributing to epigenetic mechanisms associated with disease pathologies. Dysregulation of miRNA activity has been implicated in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), offering insights into potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial dysfunction and its associated effects (such as oxidative stress) can be seen in early-onset AD. This review critically examines recent findings on mitochondrial-associated miRNAs-including miR-34a, miR-140, miR-455-3p, and miR-1273g-3p-highlighting their roles in mitochondrial bioenergetics, oxidative stress, and synaptic function. We discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting specific miRNAs to restore mitochondrial health and explore their utility as early biomarkers for AD diagnosis. A better understanding of miRNA-mediated mitochondrial regulation may open new avenues for early intervention in AD.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码RNA分子，已知其可在靶位点调节基因表达，从而参与与疾病病理相关的表观遗传机制。miRNA活性失调与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的病理过程有关，这为早期诊断的潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点提供了线索。线粒体功能障碍及其相关影响（如氧化应激）在早发性AD中可见。本综述批判性地审视了关于线粒体相关miRNA的最新研究结果，包括miR-34a、miR-140、miR-455-3p和miR-1273g-3p，强调了它们在线粒体生物能量学、氧化应激和突触功能中的作用。我们讨论了靶向特定miRNA以恢复线粒体健康的治疗潜力，并探讨了它们作为AD诊断早期生物标志物的值用性。更好地理解miRNA介导的线粒体调节可能为AD的早期干预开辟新途径。
