Taniguchi Masashi
Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
Phys Ther Res. 2024;27(2):49-57. doi: 10.1298/ptr.R0031. Epub 2024 Jul 5.
A decline in muscle strength is a key factor responsible for physical dysfunction in older individuals. Both loss of muscle quantity and quality are associated with muscle strength decline. While the gold standard method for evaluating muscle mass and quality is magnetic resonance imaging, it is not suitable for clinical settings because of the measurement and analysis costs. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and B-mode ultrasonography are clinically useful alternatives for skeletal muscle assessment owing to their feasibility and noninvasiveness. The recent advancements in the techniques for BIA and ultrasonography have improved their accuracy in assessing skeletal muscle quantity and quality, making them useful in detecting age-related and disease-specific alterations. This review comprehensively analyzes the advantages of using BIA and ultrasound imaging for assessing skeletal muscle quantity and quality and detecting muscle degeneration. We summarize the recent findings regarding age-related changes in muscle characteristics and the associations of muscle degeneration with physical dysfunction in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical application of skeletal muscle assessment using BIA and ultrasound for evaluating training effects and exercise prescription.
肌肉力量下降是导致老年人身体功能障碍的关键因素。肌肉量和质量的丧失均与肌肉力量下降有关。虽然评估肌肉质量和质量的金标准方法是磁共振成像，但由于测量和分析成本，它不适合临床环境。生物电阻抗分析（BIA）和B型超声检查因其可行性和非侵入性，是临床上评估骨骼肌的有用替代方法。BIA和超声检查技术的最新进展提高了它们在评估骨骼肌数量和质量方面的准确性，使其可用于检测与年龄相关的和特定疾病的变化。本综述全面分析了使用BIA和超声成像评估骨骼肌数量和质量以及检测肌肉退化的优势。我们总结了关于肌肉特征与年龄相关变化以及膝关节骨关节炎患者肌肉退化与身体功能障碍之间关联的最新研究结果。此外，我们讨论了使用BIA和超声进行骨骼肌评估在评估训练效果和运动处方方面的临床应用。
