Thornton Margaret T, Welch Amy S, Caulfield Scott, Pojednic Rachele M
Department of Health and Human Performance, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, USA.
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2024 Aug 1;17(4):1083-1091. doi: 10.70252/SSZU9761. eCollection 2024.
Approximately half of military recruits fail the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), and 70% of all injuries in the US military are musculoskeletal in nature. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether underdeveloped musculoskeletal and cardiovascular fitness levels and subsequent APFT scores of senior military college cadets could be improved by a novel, evidence-based Cadet Athlete Physical Training Intervention (CAPTI) compared to the current Remedial Physical Training program (RPT). Cadets failing the APFT (total score < 180, or < 60 in scored sit-ups, pushups or run time, respectively) participated in a 16-week remedial training program including either CAPTI (periodized full body calisthenic and varied-technique cardiovascular training, along with mobility training and mental health and wellbeing sessions), or a traditional, event-specific remedial training program (RPT). CAPTI was randomly assigned to one of three battalions, while the others received RPT. One hundred and thirty-eight cadets ( = 70 CAPTI, = 68 RPT) participated in the study. After training, 82.9% ( = 58) of CAPTI passed the APFT compared to 27.9% ( = 19) of RPT. Paired -tests demonstrated significant improvement ( < 0.01) for CAPTI in total APFT scores (42 ± 31.5 points), sit-ups (13.8 ± 9.4) pushups (6.5 ± 11) and run time (83 ± 123s). In RPT, significant improvements ( < 0.01) were noted in total APFT scores (16 ± 27.8), sit-ups (3.3 ± 6.7) pushups (3.69 ± 8.0) and run time (43 ± 127s). Between-group analyses demonstrated CAPTI had significantly higher improvements compared to RPT in APFT total score ( < 0.01) and sit-ups ( < 0.01). Higher perceived program enjoyment was also demonstrated for CAPTI when compared to RPT ( < 0.01). The CAPTI program could help address the military's physical readiness and musculoskeletal injury problem by incorporating evidence-based, wellness-focused, periodized training as part of a remedial physical training model.
大约一半的新兵未能通过陆军体能测试（APFT），而且美军所有伤病中有70%是肌肉骨骼方面的。本研究的目的是调查与当前的补救性体能训练计划（RPT）相比，一种新颖的、基于证据的学员运动员体能训练干预（CAPTI）能否改善高级军事院校学员发育不良的肌肉骨骼和心血管健康水平以及随后的APFT成绩。未通过APFT的学员（总分<180分，或仰卧起坐、俯卧撑或跑步时间单项得分<60分）参加了为期16周的补救训练计划，其中包括CAPTI（阶段性全身健美操和多种技术的心血管训练，以及灵活性训练和心理健康与幸福感课程），或传统的、针对特定项目的补救训练计划（RPT）。CAPTI被随机分配到三个营中的一个，而其他营接受RPT。138名学员（CAPTI组70名，RPT组68名）参与了该研究。训练后，CAPTI组有82.9%（n = 58）的学员通过了APFT，而RPT组这一比例为27.9%（n = 19）。配对t检验显示，CAPTI组在APFT总分（42±31.5分）、仰卧起坐（13.8±9.4）、俯卧撑（6.5±11）和跑步时间（83±123秒）方面有显著改善（P<0.01）。在RPT组中，APFT总分（16±27.8）、仰卧起坐（3.3±6.7）、俯卧撑（3.69±8.0）和跑步时间（43±127秒）也有显著改善（P<0.01）。组间分析表明，与RPT相比，CAPTI组在APFT总分（P<0.01）和仰卧起坐（P<0.01）方面的改善明显更大。与RPT相比，CAPTI组的学员对训练计划的满意度也更高（P<0.01）。CAPTI计划可以通过将基于证据的、以健康为重点的阶段性训练纳入补救性体能训练模式，来帮助解决军队的体能准备和肌肉骨骼损伤问题。
