Enhanced Stable and Efficient of Dual-Ligand Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Synergistic Photodynamic Inactivation.

Porphyrins, known for generating toxic singlet oxygen (O) to combat bacteria, face challenges such as hydrophilicity and limited lifespan and O yield. Conversely, triterpenoid compounds like ammonium glycyrrhizinate (AG) offer antioxidative and antibacterial properties but lack efficacy and stability. Combining them in Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) yields dual-ligand zirconium (Zr)-basedMOFs (M-TG), capitalizing on porphyrins' membrane-disrupting ability and AG's inhibition of bacterial membrane synthesis for a synergistic antibacterial effect. M-TG resolves activity loss, enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) yield, and extends stability, achieving a remarkable 99.999% sterilization rate. This innovative approach maximizes ligand properties through synergistic effects, promising significant advancements in antibacterial material design.