Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Alameda da Universidade, s/n, Bloco Delta, Sala 204, Anchieta, 09606-045 São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2024 Sep 9;96(suppl 1):e20240445. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202420240445. eCollection 2024.
Teratogens encompass any agent capable of causing a birth defect or elevating the incidence of defects within the population. This category includes substances like drugs, both legal and illegal. These substances cause congenital anomalies depending on the stage of development at the time of exposure, the dose, and the exposure time associated with the embryo. The most sensitive period is the embryonic stage, when the three leaflets give rise to tissues and organs. Susceptibility to teratogenesis decreases during the fetal phase but morphological and functional disturbance of the fetus may still occur. Substance use during pregnancy and its adverse effects are a public health problem and the lay population does not have access to this information. Particularly concerning is the period within the first six weeks of pregnancy, often before a woman realizes she is pregnant. Developmental data for many substances are simply not available, which makes the problem more serious. The aim of this study is to reflect on the teratogenic effects of licit and illicit substances in humans, focusing particularly on the dose that can induce malformations and their incidence in humans.
致畸剂包括任何能够导致出生缺陷或提高人群中缺陷发生率的物质。这一类物质包括药物等，包括合法和非法的药物。这些物质会根据暴露时的发育阶段、剂量和与胚胎相关的暴露时间导致先天畸形。最敏感的时期是胚胎期，此时三叶瓣会产生组织和器官。致畸的敏感性在胎儿期会降低，但胎儿的形态和功能仍可能会受到干扰。怀孕期间使用物质及其不良影响是一个公共卫生问题，而普通民众无法获得这些信息。特别令人关注的是怀孕的前六周，通常在女性意识到自己怀孕之前。许多物质的发育数据根本不存在，这使得问题更加严重。本研究旨在探讨合法和非法物质对人类的致畸作用，特别关注能够诱导畸形的剂量及其在人类中的发生率。
