Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC.
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Diabetes Care. 2024 Nov 1;47(11):1985-1994. doi: 10.2337/dc24-1033.
The potential for choline metabolism to influence the development of diabetes has received increased attention. Previous studies on circulating choline metabolites and incident diabetes have been conducted in samples of older adults, often with a high prevalence of risk factors.
Participants were from year 15 of follow-up (2000-2001) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study (n = 3,133, aged 33-45 years) with plasma choline metabolite (choline, betaine, and trimethylamine N-oxide [TMAO]) data. We quantified associations between choline metabolites and 15-year risk of incident diabetes (n = 387) among participants free of diabetes at baseline using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for sociodemographics, health behaviors, and clinical variables.
Betaine was inversely associated with 15-year risk of incident diabetes (hazard ratio 0.76 [95% CI 0.67, 0.88] per 1-SD unit betaine), and TMAO was positively associated with 15-year risk of incident diabetes (1.11 [1.01, 1.22] per 1-SD unit). Choline was not significantly associated with 15-year risk of incident diabetes (1.05 [0.94, 1.16] per 1-SD).
Our findings are consistent with other published literature supporting a role for choline metabolism in diabetes. Our study extends the current literature by analyzing a racially diverse population-based cohort of early middle-aged individuals in whom preventive activities may be most relevant.
胆碱代谢影响糖尿病发展的可能性引起了越来越多的关注。先前关于循环胆碱代谢物与新发糖尿病的研究是在老年人样本中进行的，这些样本中往往存在较高的危险因素。
参与者来自于冠状动脉风险发展在年轻人（CARDIA）研究的第 15 年随访（2000-2001 年）（n = 3133，年龄 33-45 岁），具有血浆胆碱代谢物（胆碱、甜菜碱和三甲胺 N-氧化物[TMAO]）数据。我们使用 Cox 比例风险回归模型，根据社会人口统计学、健康行为和临床变量，对基线时无糖尿病的参与者进行了胆碱代谢物与 15 年新发糖尿病风险（n = 387）之间的关联定量分析。
甜菜碱与 15 年新发糖尿病风险呈负相关（每单位 1-SD 甜菜碱的风险比为 0.76[95%CI 0.67,0.88]），TMAO 与 15 年新发糖尿病风险呈正相关（每单位 1-SD 的风险比为 1.11[1.01,1.22]）。胆碱与 15 年新发糖尿病风险无显著相关性（每单位 1-SD 的风险比为 1.05[0.94,1.16]）。
我们的研究结果与支持胆碱代谢在糖尿病中起作用的其他已发表文献一致。我们的研究通过分析一个基于种族的、早期中年人群的、可能最相关的预防活动的队列，扩展了当前的文献。
