Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain.
Percept Mot Skills. 2024 Oct;131(5):1873-1893. doi: 10.1177/00315125241278532. Epub 2024 Sep 11.
Perceptual-cognitive skills are crucial in successfully managing information and decision-making in sports, particularly in high-pressure environments. We examined 16 basketball referees' on-the-court visual search behavior by comparing referees of different experience levels (experienced, = 8; and novice, = 8) and different court positions. Participants' visual search behavior was analyzed during 20 live gameplay situations using eye-tracking technology. Dependent variables were the number of eye fixations, mean fixation time, and total fixation time on selected areas of interest; and independent variables were the referees' experience and visual angles (lead and trail referee positions). Experienced referees exhibited significantly lower total fixation time than novice referees ( = .009). Referees in the trail position showed more fixations of shorter duration and a greater focus on the basket than those in the lead position. Our findings suggest that the visual search behavior of basketball referees varies with their court position and experience. These data provide valuable insights into referees' complex visual search patterns in the real-game context, and they highlight the importance of considering viewing angle and experience in future research.
感知认知技能对于成功管理体育比赛中的信息和决策至关重要，尤其是在高压环境下。我们通过比较不同经验水平（有经验，n=8；和新手，n=8）和不同裁判位置的篮球裁判员，研究了 16 名篮球裁判员的场上视觉搜索行为。使用眼动追踪技术分析了参与者在 20 个现场比赛情况下的视觉搜索行为。因变量是注视点数量、平均注视时间和对选定兴趣区域的总注视时间；自变量是裁判员的经验和视角（主要和次要裁判位置）。有经验的裁判员的总注视时间明显低于新手裁判员（p=.009）。处于追踪位置的裁判员比处于主导位置的裁判员注视的时间更短，并且更关注篮筐。我们的研究结果表明，篮球裁判员的视觉搜索行为因其裁判位置和经验而异。这些数据为裁判员在真实比赛环境中的复杂视觉搜索模式提供了有价值的见解，并强调了在未来的研究中考虑视角和经验的重要性。
