用于研究合体滋养层功能的足月滋养层细胞的长期培养与传代。
Long-term culture and passaging of term trophoblast for the investigation of syncytiotrophoblast function.
作者信息
Hawkins Alice, Pantazi Paschalia, Yang Liheng, Coyne Carolyn B, Bokun Vladimir, Lemme-Dumit Jose M, Pasetti Marcela F, Barnett Sara, Culley Fiona J, Holder Beth
机构信息
Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK.
Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA.
出版信息
Placenta. 2025 Jun 13;166:25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.08.014. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Recent advances in the use of trophoblast stem cells and organoid models have markedly enhanced our understanding of placental development and function. These models offer significant improvements over previous systems due to their extended viability in culture and capacity to replicate various trophoblast functions, such as extravillous trophoblast invasion, syncytialisation and 3D architecture. Initially, the generation of trophoblast organoids was confined to first trimester placental tissue; however, it was recently reported that term placentae can also serve as a source of trophoblast stem cells. Here, we report that both 2D proliferative cytotrophoblasts and 3D trophoblast organoids can be effectively derived from cryopreserved term cytotrophoblasts isolated by the 'Kliman' method of sequential trypsin digestion and Percoll density gradient centrifugation, when cultured in specialised medium. This was confirmed by the expression of characteristic trophoblast markers including cytokeratin-7, E-cadherin, and human chorionic gonadotropin beta (β-hCG). The proliferative cytotrophoblasts were induced to differentiate to syncytiotrophoblasts, marked by elevated β-hCG expression, reduced Ki67-positive nuclei, and a fused syncytial phenotype. The protocol described here enables the application of organoid models and in vitro functional studies to stored cytotrophoblast samples for the study of placental function from unique patient cohorts. Moreover, the utilization of term placental sources may alleviate ethical concerns with using cells from pregnancy terminations, thus expanding access for a broader research community.
滋养层干细胞和类器官模型应用方面的最新进展显著增进了我们对胎盘发育和功能的理解。由于这些模型在培养中的生存能力延长,以及能够复制各种滋养层功能,如绒毛外滋养层侵袭、合体化和三维结构,它们比以前的系统有了显著改进。最初,滋养层类器官的生成局限于孕早期胎盘组织;然而,最近有报道称足月胎盘也可作为滋养层干细胞的来源。在此,我们报告,当在特殊培养基中培养时,通过“克利曼”法顺序胰蛋白酶消化和Percoll密度梯度离心分离的冷冻保存足月细胞滋养层细胞,能够有效地衍生出二维增殖性细胞滋养层细胞和三维滋养层类器官。这通过包括细胞角蛋白-7、E-钙黏蛋白和人绒毛膜促性腺激素β(β-hCG)在内的特征性滋养层标志物的表达得到证实。增殖性细胞滋养层细胞被诱导分化为合体滋养层细胞,其标志是β-hCG表达升高、Ki67阳性细胞核减少以及融合的合体表型。本文所述方案能够将类器官模型和体外功能研究应用于储存的细胞滋养层样本,以研究来自独特患者队列的胎盘功能。此外,利用足月胎盘来源可能会减轻使用终止妊娠所获细胞带来的伦理问题,从而为更广泛的研究群体扩大获取途径。