Veiga-Lopez Almudena, Elkin Elana R, Harris Sean M, Blake Bevin E, Paquette Alison G, Aleksunes Lauren M, Stapleton Phoebe A
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; The Chicago Center for Health and Environment, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
San Diego State University School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2025.05.001.
Despite the crucial role of the placenta in supporting pregnancy and fetal development, research into its susceptibility to environmental exposures has been limited by methodological challenges. We review diverse approaches to studying placental biology and responses to chemical exposures, and provide a comprehensive assessment of traditional and emerging methodologies. Beginning with an overview of placental biology and species differences, we evaluate in vivo and in vitro models, and discuss their strengths and limitations. We examine advances, including placental transfer models, toxicokinetic frameworks, and 3D microphysiological systems, for their potential to address current gaps. Last, we consider molecular epidemiology and high-throughput analyses as complementary strategies. Together, these tools support better experimental design and enhance our understanding of placental vulnerability to chemical exposures.
尽管胎盘在维持妊娠和胎儿发育中起着至关重要的作用，但对其易受环境暴露影响的研究一直受到方法学挑战的限制。我们综述了研究胎盘生物学和对化学暴露反应的多种方法，并对传统和新兴方法进行了全面评估。首先概述胎盘生物学和物种差异，我们评估体内和体外模型，并讨论它们的优缺点。我们研究了包括胎盘转运模型、毒代动力学框架和三维微生理系统在内的进展，以探讨它们解决当前差距的潜力。最后，我们将分子流行病学和高通量分析视为补充策略。这些工具共同支持更好的实验设计，并增强我们对胎盘对化学暴露易感性的理解。
