Wang Zhongjie, Peng Ying, Wang Xuezhen
School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Henan Province, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
School of Education, Renmin University of China, No.59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, 100872, Beijing, China.
J Youth Adolesc. 2025 Feb;54(2):400-413. doi: 10.1007/s10964-024-02080-w. Epub 2024 Sep 11.
Suicide is prevalent among left-behind youth, a group that has yet to be thoroughly explored in terms of the developmental dynamics of their suicide risk and associated factors. This study adopted a person-centered approach to investigate the developmental trajectories of suicide risk among Chinese left-behind adolescents, along with multi-dimensional predictors. A total of 774 left-behind adolescents (M = 13.60, 50.1% female) completed three surveys over a year, with six-month intervals. Result of Latent Class Growth Modeling identified three subgroups with distinct developmental trajectories: High Risk-Escalating (7.6% of participants started at the highest levels with a worsening trend), Risk-Holding (21.6% maintained a stable but risk level starting above the critical threshold), and Low Risk-Diminishing (70.8% started low and continued to decrease). Gender (being a female), increased levels of childhood maltreatment, psychological pain, and depression were risk factors for High Risk-Escalating and/or Risk-Holding trajectories, while increased sense of control and regulatory emotional self-efficacy played protective roles. The findings underscore the malignant developmental patterns of suicide risk among left-behind adolescents. The predictive factors play a crucial role in distinguishing and improving these developmental trajectories.
自杀在留守儿童中很普遍，就其自杀风险的发展动态和相关因素而言，这一群体尚未得到充分研究。本研究采用以人为本的方法，调查中国留守儿童自杀风险的发展轨迹以及多维预测因素。共有774名留守儿童（平均年龄M = 13.60岁，50.1%为女性）在一年时间内每隔六个月完成三次调查。潜在类别增长模型的结果确定了三个具有不同发展轨迹的亚组：高风险上升组（7.6%的参与者从最高水平开始且呈恶化趋势）、风险保持组（21.6%保持稳定但风险水平开始时高于临界阈值）和低风险下降组（70.8%开始时风险较低且持续下降）。性别（女性）、童年期虐待程度增加、心理痛苦和抑郁是高风险上升和/或风险保持轨迹的风险因素，而控制感增强和情绪调节自我效能感起到保护作用。研究结果强调了留守儿童自杀风险的恶性发展模式。预测因素在区分和改善这些发展轨迹方面起着关键作用。
