School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong, China.
Tsinghua Medicine - School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 11;14(1):21210. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71802-8.
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common global health concern. However, limited studies explored the association between soft drinks intake and PD among female undergraduates in China. To determine the association between soft drinks (carbonated soft drinks, etc.) as well coffee intake and the incidence/severity of PD among female undergraduates in China. We performed a cross-sectional study among 1809 female undergraduates in China from September 29, 2020 to October 22, 2020. The demographic information and menstrual information of the participants were collected by a self-administrated questionnaire. Chi-square test, ANOVA test, and logistic regression test were used to investigate the association between soft drinks intake and the incidence/severity of PD. We also conducted stratification analysis among different locations (rural or urban). The prevalence of PD was 47.1% (n = 852). There were 221 (25.9%) participants suffered from severe pain. In the participants with PD, the OR of carbonated soft drinks intake was 1.244 (95% CI 1.010-1.533). Among the participants with PD from rural areas, the OR of carbonated soft drinks intake was 1.402 (95% CI 1.045-1.881), compared with the non-carbonated soft drink group. In the participants with moderate and severe PD, the OR of coffee intake was 0.451 (95% CI 0.228-0.892), compared with the non-coffee-drinking group. There was a significant association between carbonated soft drinks intake frequency and the severity of PD (P < 0.05). Our study showed that carbonated soft drinks intake is a risk factor for PD, especially in participants from rural areas. Coffee intake is a protective factor for the severity of PD. Periodical awareness programs about adverse effects of excessive soft drink consumption should be introduced to reduce the prevalence and exacerbation of PD. Coffee intake might be helpful to relieve the severity of PD.
原发性痛经 (PD) 是一个常见的全球性健康问题。然而，在中国，有限的研究探讨了软饮料摄入与女性大学生 PD 之间的关系。为了确定中国女大学生中软饮料（碳酸饮料等）和咖啡摄入与 PD 的发生率/严重程度之间的关系。我们于 2020 年 9 月 29 日至 10 月 22 日在中国对 1809 名女大学生进行了横断面研究。通过自填问卷收集参与者的人口统计学信息和月经信息。使用卡方检验、方差分析和逻辑回归检验来研究软饮料摄入与 PD 的发生率/严重程度之间的关系。我们还在不同地点（农村或城市）进行了分层分析。PD 的患病率为 47.1%（n=852）。有 221 名（25.9%）参与者患有严重疼痛。在 PD 患者中，碳酸软饮料摄入的 OR 值为 1.244（95%CI 1.010-1.533）。在来自农村地区的 PD 患者中，碳酸软饮料摄入的 OR 值为 1.402（95%CI 1.045-1.881），与非碳酸软饮料组相比。在中度和重度 PD 患者中，咖啡摄入的 OR 值为 0.451（95%CI 0.228-0.892），与非咖啡饮用组相比。碳酸软饮料摄入频率与 PD 严重程度之间存在显著关联（P<0.05）。我们的研究表明，碳酸软饮料摄入是 PD 的一个危险因素，尤其是在来自农村地区的参与者中。咖啡摄入是 PD 严重程度的保护因素。应该引入关于过量软饮料消费不良影响的定期意识计划，以降低 PD 的患病率和恶化程度。咖啡摄入可能有助于缓解 PD 的严重程度。
