Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01- Guamá, Belém, Pará, CEP 66015-110, Brazil.
Instituto de Ciências Jurídicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 11;24(1):2473. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19979-5.
As people age, they are more likely to experience several health conditions which are circumstances that arise throughout life that can interfere with an individual's ability to work, leading them to demand the social security system. This research aims to systematically review and synthesize studies related to health conditions in the aging process with social security policy reforms.
A systematic review was performed across Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, CINAHL, ASSIA (Proquest) and APA PsycNet from 1979 to 2022. Methods are outlined in a published protocol registered a priori on PROSPERO (CRD42021225820). Eligible studies include original empirical articles published in English, Spanish, French and Portuguese, using the search terms "aging" and "social security". Identified outcomes were organized into categories and a meta-ethnography was completed following the phases proposed by Noblit and Hare and the eMERGe meta-ethnography reporting guidance.
There were 17 eligible studies from 4 continents with 10 cross-sectional, 1 both cross-sectional and longitudinal and 5 longitudinal data analysis. These assessed the relationship of health conditions that occur in the aging process related to social security policies, in particular, to retirement. The categories included (i) health as a way to promote an active working life for the elderly; (ii) health as an indicator for reforms in social security policies; (iii) retirement planning as a strategic element for coping with post-retirement life; and (iv) the relationship between social security policies and psychological health.
This review showed that health and retirement defined in social security policies are related and have an impact on people's lives, especially in the decision to leave the labor market. Therefore, measures to assess the possible consequences of this relationship when promoting reforms on social security policies should be encouraged.
随着人们年龄的增长，他们更有可能经历多种健康状况，这些健康状况是一生中出现的情况，可能会干扰个人的工作能力，导致他们需要社会保障系统。本研究旨在系统地回顾和综合与老龄化过程中的健康状况和社会保障政策改革相关的研究。
从 1979 年到 2022 年，在 Embase、Web of Science、Scopus、Pubmed、CINAHL、ASSIA（Proquest）和 APA PsycNet 上进行了系统评价。方法在预先在 PROSPERO（CRD42021225820）上注册的已发表方案中进行了概述。合格的研究包括以英文、西班牙语、法语和葡萄牙语发表的原始实证文章，使用搜索词“老化”和“社会保障”。确定的结果被组织成类别，并按照 Noblit 和 Hare 以及 eMERGe 元分析报告指南提出的阶段完成元分析。
来自四大洲的 17 项研究符合条件，其中 10 项为横断面研究，1 项为横断面和纵向研究，5 项为纵向数据分析。这些研究评估了与社会保障政策相关的老龄化过程中发生的健康状况的关系，特别是与退休有关的健康状况。这些类别包括：(i)健康是促进老年人积极工作生活的一种方式；(ii)健康是社会保障政策改革的指标；(iii)退休规划是应对退休后生活的战略要素；(iv)社会保障政策与心理健康之间的关系。
本综述表明，社会保障政策中定义的健康和退休与人们的生活息息相关，并对人们的生活产生影响，特别是在决定离开劳动力市场时。因此，应鼓励采取措施评估在促进社会保障政策改革时这种关系可能产生的后果。
