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人工智能和放射基因组学在神经放射学中的应用,以及在中低收入国家进行脑肿瘤成像和手术规划的未来。

Use of artificial intelligence and radio genomics in neuroradiology and the future of brain tumour imaging and surgical planning in low- and middleincome countries.

机构信息

The Aga Khan Medical College and University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Ziauddin Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.

出版信息

J Pak Med Assoc. 2024 Mar;74(3 (Supple-3)):S51-S63. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.S3.GNO-07.

Abstract

Brain tumour diagnosis involves assessing various radiological and histopathological parameters. Imaging modalities are an excellent resource for disease monitoring. However, manual inspection of imaging is laborious, and performance varies depending on expertise. Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven solutions a non-invasive and low-cost technology for diagnostics compared to surgical biopsy and histopathological diagnosis. We analysed various machine learning models reported in the literature and assess its applicability to improve neuro-oncological management. A scoping review of 47 full texts published in the last 3 years pertaining to the use of machine learning for the management of different types of gliomas where radiomics and radio genomic models have proven to be useful. Use of AI in conjunction with other factors can result in improving overall neurooncological management within LMICs. AI algorithms can evaluate medical imaging to aid in the early detection and diagnosis of brain tumours. This is especially useful where AI can deliver reliable and efficient screening methods, allowing for early intervention and treatment.

摘要

脑肿瘤的诊断需要评估各种放射学和组织病理学参数。成像方式是疾病监测的极好资源。然而,对影像的手动检查既繁琐,其性能又取决于专业知识。与手术活检和组织病理学诊断相比,人工智能 (AI) 驱动的解决方案是一种非侵入性且低成本的诊断技术。我们分析了文献中报道的各种机器学习模型,并评估了其在改善神经肿瘤学管理方面的适用性。对过去 3 年发表的 47 篇全文进行了范围综述,这些文章涉及使用机器学习管理不同类型的脑胶质瘤,其中放射组学和放射基因组学模型已被证明是有用的。在中低收入国家,人工智能与其他因素结合使用可以改善整体神经肿瘤学管理。人工智能算法可以评估医学成像,以帮助早期检测和诊断脑肿瘤。在人工智能可以提供可靠和高效的筛选方法的情况下,这尤其有用,因为这可以实现早期干预和治疗。

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