Molecular detection and phylogenetic characterization of in ticks collected from leopard tortoise () in rural Zambia.

In sub-Saharan Africa, limited studies have investigated zoonotic pathogens that may be harboured by ticks infesting reptiles such as tortoises. Here, we report the presence of pathogenic in ticks () collected from the leopard tortoise () in rural Zambia. Using polymerase chain reaction, 56% (49/87) of ticks were positive for the outer membrane protein () gene. Multi-locus sequence and phylogenetic analysis based on the , , and citrate synthase () genes showed that the ticks carried . , and other spp. closely related to , , and . Given the proximity between humans, livestock, and wildlife in these habitats, there exists a considerable risk of transmission of zoonotic to human populations in this rural setting. These results call for heightened awareness and further research into the dynamics of tick-borne diseases in regions where humans and animals coexist, particularly in the context of tortoise-associated ticks as vectors. Understanding and addressing these potential disease vectors is crucial for effective public health measures and the prevention of zoonoses.