Maya Jesús, Arcos-Romero Ana Isabel, Rodríguez-Carrasco Carmen R, Hidalgo Victoria
Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain.
Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 14;10(16):e36331. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36331. eCollection 2024 Aug 30.
Self-compassion, individual's ability to treat oneself kindly, is important for mental well-being. The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) is the most used instrument to measure self-compassion, but the short form does not have validity evidence in adolescents.
We examined the psychometric properties of the SCS-SF (12 items) in 955 Spanish adolescents (M = 13.95) using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and reliability tests. The life satisfaction, family satisfaction, and reactive-proactive aggression were used for convergent validity.
Cronbach's alpha reliability value for the total scale was .723. CFA confirmed that the six-factor model showed good fit indices with three positive dimensions: self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness; and three negative components: self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification (χ = 114.730; CFI = .966; GFI = .98; RMSEA = .045). The bifactorial model also showed an adequate fit, although with weaker values than the six-factor (ꭓ = 247.108; CFI = .914; GFI = .95; RMSEA = .06). The unifactorial model showed an inadequate fit. Total SCS score correlated positively with family satisfaction ( = .43; < .001) and life satisfaction ( = .48; < .001) and negatively with reactive aggressiveness ( = -.27; < .001) and with proactive aggressiveness ( = -.18; < .001). Self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness were associated with higher family and life satisfaction ( < .001) Self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification were associated with lower family and life satisfaction ( < .001). Self-judgment and isolation positively correlated with both reactive and proactive aggression ( < .001), while mindfulness negatively correlated with both reactive and proactive aggression ( < .01).
The SCS-SF is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing self-compassion in Spanish adolescents. Results suggest the six-factor model in its first validation in an adolescent population with convergent validity. The findings of this study corroborate the significance of self-compassion for the mental health of adolescents, particularly in relation to their family and life satisfaction.
自我同情，即个体善待自己的能力，对心理健康很重要。自我同情量表（SCS）是测量自我同情最常用的工具，但简版在青少年群体中缺乏效度证据。
我们采用验证性因素分析（CFA）和信度检验，对955名西班牙青少年（M = 13.95）的SCS - SF（12项）量表的心理测量特性进行了研究。使用生活满意度、家庭满意度以及反应性 - 主动性攻击行为来检验聚合效度。
总量表的Cronbach's alpha信度值为0.723。CFA证实，六因素模型显示出良好的拟合指数，包含三个积极维度：自我友善、共通人性和正念；以及三个消极成分：自我评判、孤立和过度认同（χ = 114.730；CFI = 0.966；GFI = 0.98；RMSEA = 0.045）。双因素模型也显示出足够的拟合度，尽管其值比六因素模型弱（ꭓ = 247.108；CFI = 0.914；GFI = 0.95；RMSEA = 0.06）。单因素模型显示拟合不足。SCS总分与家庭满意度（ = 0.43； < 0.001）和生活满意度（ = 0.48； < 0.001）呈正相关，与反应性攻击行为（ = -0.27； < 0.001）和主动性攻击行为（ = -0.18； < 0.001）呈负相关。自我友善、共通人性和正念与更高的家庭和生活满意度相关（ < 0.001）。自我评判、孤立和过度认同与更低的家庭和生活满意度相关（ < 0.001）。自我评判和孤立与反应性和主动性攻击行为均呈正相关（ < 0.001），而正念与反应性和主动性攻击行为均呈负相关（ < 0.01）。
SCS - SF是评估西班牙青少年自我同情的有效且可靠的工具。结果表明六因素模型在青少年群体中的首次验证具有聚合效度。本研究结果证实了自我同情对青少年心理健康的重要性，特别是在与他们的家庭和生活满意度方面。
