Ajdanian Ladan, Arouiee Hossein, Phineas Jones Andrew Maxwell, Hesami Mohsen, Nemati Hossein, Pepe Marco
Department of Horticultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Département de phytologie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 22;10(17):e36768. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36768. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
Gibberellic acid (GA) is inhibitory to floral development of cannabis plants and inhibiting GA biosynthesis promotes floral development. As such, paclobutrazol (PBZ), a potent GA biosynthesis inhibitor may be useful for increasing floral biomass and expediting development, but due to health concerns, its use is prohibited in cannabis production. The present study was conducted to compare the use of PBZ with tannic acid (TA), a natural compound with potential GA inhibiting characteristics. Results confirmed that PBZ significantly affected the number of flowers, percentage of flowering plantlet, and flower appearance time. Treatment using PBZ at a concentration of 10 μM resulted in the greatest number of flowers (7.95) compared to other treatments. Moreover, this compound at concentrations of 5 and 10 μM yielded the highest percentage of flowering plantlets, at 75 % and 70 %, respectively. Flowers also appeared 7-15 days sooner than other treatments. Additionally, the energy transfer efficiency in the photosynthetic system and chlorophyll concentration in plants treated with PBZ were considerably higher than those under other treatments. Under the PBZ treatment, the length of internode was significantly reduced. In contrast, TA generally had the opposite effect of PBZ, suggesting that it does not act as a GA inhibitor in this context. Furthermore, positive effects of TA at a concentration of 10 μM were observed on total leaf area (840.08 mm) and stem length (40.09 mm). The highest number of leaves (12.5) was found in the presence of TA at a concentration of 100 μM. TA at its highest concentration (1000 μM) had an inverse effect on cannabis growth and flowering but was likely due to toxicity rather than any inhibitory effects. Consequently, the obtained results confirm the importance of growth regulators and natural compounds on plant growth and can broaden our understanding for future research and achievement of objectives.
赤霉素（GA）对大麻植株的花芽发育具有抑制作用，而抑制GA生物合成则可促进花芽发育。因此，多效唑（PBZ）作为一种有效的GA生物合成抑制剂，可能有助于增加花的生物量并加速发育，但出于健康考虑，其在大麻生产中的使用被禁止。本研究旨在比较PBZ与单宁酸（TA）的使用效果，TA是一种具有潜在GA抑制特性的天然化合物。结果证实，PBZ显著影响花的数量、开花植株的百分比以及花的出现时间。与其他处理相比，使用浓度为10μM的PBZ处理产生的花数量最多（7.95朵）。此外，该化合物在5和10μM浓度下产生的开花植株百分比最高，分别为75%和70%。花出现的时间也比其他处理提前7 - 15天。此外，用PBZ处理的植物光合系统中的能量转移效率和叶绿素浓度明显高于其他处理。在PBZ处理下，节间长度显著缩短。相比之下，TA通常与PBZ的作用相反，表明它在这种情况下并非作为GA抑制剂起作用。此外，观察到浓度为10μM的TA对总叶面积（840.08平方毫米）和茎长（40.09毫米）有积极影响。在浓度为100μM的TA存在下发现叶片数量最多（12.5片）。TA在其最高浓度（1000μM）时对大麻生长和开花有相反的影响，但这可能是由于毒性而非任何抑制作用。因此，所得结果证实了生长调节剂和天然化合物对植物生长的重要性，并可拓宽我们对未来研究和目标实现的理解。
